Enhancement of catalytic activity of Raney nickel by cobalt addition

Lee, Hong-Ki; Jung, Euney; Lee, Ju-Seong

doi:10.1016/s0254-0584(98)00126-6

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…One can distinguish several groups of catalytic materials having metallic nickel as the main component. Among them, there are metal-doped-sponge Raney nickel catalysts, − electrochemically deposited bulk double- and ternary-metal catalysts, highly dispersed supported Ni-based catalysts, and single-crystal Ni facets . The first group, Raney nickel catalysts, is the most popular, with the highest number of studies, because of its popularity in liquid electrolyte (KOH)-based alkaline fuel cells.…”

Section: Hor Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the catalytic activity and stability of Raney Ni alone as a base metal for this reaction is limited . These problems have been partially overcome by doping of transition metals, such as Ti, ,, La, Cr, Fe, Co, ,, Cu (mostly as a conducting additive), and Mo, , into the Ni–Al alloy at loadings of a few percent prior to extraction by KOH. The resultant Raney nickel catalysts are pyrophoric because of the H 2 evolution during Al leaching and therefore must be handled accordingly, as the nickel is loaded with 0.5–1.2 hydrogen atoms per nickel atom.…”

Section: Hor Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes

et al. 2018

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In the past 5 years, advances in anionconductive membranes have opened the door for the development of advanced anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) as the next generation of affordable fuel cells. Several recent works have shown that AEMFCs currently achieve nearly identical beginning-of-life performance as stateof-the-art proton exchange membrane fuel cells. However, until now, these high AEMFC performances have been reached with platinum-group metal (PGM)-based anode and cathode catalysts. In order to fulfill the potential of AEMFCs, such catalysts should in the near future be free of PGMs and, eventually, free of critical raw materials. Although great progress has been achieved in the development of PGM-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in basic media, significantly less attention has been paid to the catalysis of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). The much lower HOR activity of Pt in basic media compared with that in acid was itself revealed only relatively recently. While several PGM-based composite materials have shown improved HOR activity in basic media, the HOR kinetics remains slower than necessary for an ideal nonpolarizable electrode. In addition, attempts to move away from PGMs have hitherto resulted in high anode overpotentials, significantly reducing the performance of PGM-free AEMFCs. This would be a major barrier for the large-scale deployment of this technology once the other technological hurdles (e.g., membrane stability) have been overcome. A fundamental understanding of the HOR mechanism in basic media and of the main energy barriers needs to be firmly established to overcome this challenge. This review presents the current understanding of the HOR electrocatalysis in basic media and critically discusses the most recent material approaches. Promising future research directions in the development of the HOR electrocatalysts for alkaline electrolytes are also outlined.

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Section: Hor Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hor Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes

et al. 2018

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Raney Nickel

2010

Comprehensive Organic Name Reactions and Reagents

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Raney nickel is a porous nickel suspension primarily prepared from alkali soaking of 50% nickel‐aluminum alloy but can also be prepared by acid soaking (e.g., HCl). According to the temperature and alkali concentration, different types of Raney nickel can be prepared. The study finds that Raney nickels retain about one half to one hydrogen per atom of nickel, with the hydrogen attached in a metastable state. All the characterstics of this catalyst have been discussed. It has been observed that the activity of this catalyst is proportional to its hydrogen content. Raney nickel has many applications in organic synthesis include desulfurization and deselenization. In addition to these applications, Raney nickel has been widely used for the cleavage of chemical bonds.

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Life cycle assessment of gas atomised sponge nickel for use in alkaline hydrogen fuel cell applications

Wilson

Lavery

Jarvis

et al. 2013

Journal of Power Sources

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N. (2013). Life cycle assessment of gas atomised sponge nickel for use in alkaline hydrogen fuel cell applications. Journal of Power Sources, 243, 242-252.http://dx.This paper presents a cradle-to-grave comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of new gas atomized (GA) sponge nickel catalysts and evaluates their performance against the both cast and crush (CC) sponge nickel and platinum standards currently used in commercial alkaline fuel cells (AFC). The LCA takes into account the energy used and emissions throughout the entire life cycle of sponge nickel catalysts -ranging from the upstream production of materials (mainly aluminium and nickel), to the manufacturing, to the operation and finally to the recycling and disposal. Through this assessment it was found that the energy and emissions during the operational phase associated with a given catalyst considerably outweigh the primary production, manufacturing and recycling. Primary production of the nickel (and to a lesser extent dopant materials) also has a significant environmental impact but this is offset by operational energy savings over the electrode's estimated lifetime and end of life recyclability. From the results it can be concluded that higher activity spongy nickel catalysts produced by gas atomization could have a significantly lower environmental impact than either CC nickel or platinum. Doped GA sponge nickel in particular showed comparable performance to that of the standard platinum electrode used in AFCs.

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Enhancement of catalytic activity of Raney nickel by cobalt addition

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes

Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes

Raney Nickel

Life cycle assessment of gas atomised sponge nickel for use in alkaline hydrogen fuel cell applications

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