Enhancement of Clathrate Hydrate Formation Kinetics Using Carbon-Based Material Promotion

Abstract

Although hydrate-based technology has been considered as a safe and environmentally friendly approach for gas storage and transportation in recent decades, there are still inherent problems during hydrate production, such as a long induction time, slow formation kinetics, and limited hydrate storage capacity. Attempts to resolve these issues have resulted in the development of various kinetics promoters, among which carbon-based materials have become one of the most attractive owing to their unique promotion effect. Herein, results on promotion by bulk wetted carbon materials in the forms of a packed bed, carbon particles in a suspension, and nano-carbon materials in a nanofluid are collected from the published literature. Meanwhile, the promotion mechanisms and influencing factors of the carbon-based promoters are discussed. The purpose of this mini-review is to summarize recent advances and highlight the prospects and future challenges for the use of carbon-based materials in hydrate production.

Surface Coatings and Treatments for Controlled Hydrate Formation: A Mini Review

“…Linga and Clarke [24] summarized the role of reactor designs and physical methods such as sand packs, silica gels, dry water, foams, nano particles, and hydrogels, which may help to enhance the surface area that ultimately leads to enhanced rates of hydrate formation. Nanoparticles [25], Carbon-based materials [26] including graphene [27] and activated carbon [28] that provide large surface area and ample nucleation sites, which promote the kinetics of hydrate formation, have also been reported. On the other hand, Numerous studies are available in the literature where distinct surfaces [29][30][31][32][33][34] are used for this purpose.…”