Enhancement of heat and mass transfer of potassium carbonate-based thermochemical materials for thermal energy storage

A Eutectic Mixture of Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate and Bischofite with Promising Performance for Thermochemical Energy Storage

“…A widely accepted solution to these challenges is the use of a porous 2 of 18 host matrix for implementation at scale [2]. Previous studies have examined the efficacy of a myriad of salts for application in TCES, including SrCl 2 •6H 2 O [7,9], SrBr 2 •6H 2 O [10][11][12], MgCl 2 •6H 2 O [13,14], CaCl 2 •6H 2 O [6,15,16], (NH 4 ) 2 Zn(SO 4 ) 2 •6H 2 O [17], MgSO 4 [13,18], LiOH•H 2 O [19,20], and K 2 CO 3 [21]. Many methods were used to impregnate the aforementioned salts into porous matrices mostly via molten salt hydrate impregnation [6,15] and aqueous solution impregnation [6,15,16,22] at standard pressure and elevated temperature.…”

“…Many methods were used to impregnate the aforementioned salts into porous matrices mostly via molten salt hydrate impregnation [6,15] and aqueous solution impregnation [6,15,16,22] at standard pressure and elevated temperature. The host matrices have included synthetic polymers [23], expanded natural graphite (ENG) [12,16,[18][19][20][21]23], expanded vermiculite (EV) [16,24,25], expanded clay (EC) [7], and cement [9,26]. Their performance has been investigated under a range of hydration conditions, with temperatures of 13-35 • C and relative humidity (RH) from 30% to 90%.…”

Upcycling natural Limestone waste for thermochemical energy storage by utilising tailored CaZrO3 nanoadditives

“…During their endothermic reactions, heat is stored while heat is released during their reverse exothermic reactions. 12 Metal carbonates, [13][14][15][16] hydrides, [17][18][19][20] and hydroxides 12,21 are commonly used materials for TCES systems. 22 Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), also known as Limestone, has a high enthalpy of (calcination/carbonation) reaction (DH 8901C = 165.7 kJ), it is easy to handle and transport, has a high energy storage density (41000 kJ kg À1 ) and is earth-abundant, making it a very attractive candidate for storing renewable energy long-term.…”

Corn Cobs’ Biochar as Green Host of Salt Hydrates for Enhancing the Water Sorption Kinetics in Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems

“…To convert the system into a practical residential application (space heating and domestic hot water generation), the TCHS material must be carefully selected. The selection criteria for salt hydrates [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] include a high energy density, a low charging temperature with a good mass and heat transfer [ 8 ], and an improved thermal conductivity [ 9 ]. The working pair MgSO 4 –H 2 O has gained attention [ 8 , 9 ] due to the high theoretical energy density (2.8 GJ/m 3 ) and the high deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) of 90%.…”