“…Other approaches have been studied to enhance the light extraction of OLEDs, adopting nano sized structures to OLEDs. By the scattering effect of the nano structures, such as gratings [19,20], metallic nanoparticles [21,22,23,24,25], and buckled substrates [24,26,27], the light trapped in glass substrate can escape. However, nano structures have limited application in OLEDs due to the complicated process, requiring high cost.…”