Enhancement of interaction of L-929 cells with functionalized graphene via COOH+ ion implantation vs. chemical method

Abstract

Low hydrophilicity of graphene is one of the major obstacles for biomaterials application. To create some hydrophilic groups on graphene is addressed this issue. Herein, COOH+ ion implantation modified graphene (COOH+/graphene) and COOH functionalized graphene were designed by physical ion implantation and chemical methods, respectively. The structure and surface properties of COOH+/graphene and COOH functionalized graphene were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. Compared with graphene, COOH+/graphene and COOH functionalized graphene revealed improvement of cytocompatibility, including in vitro cell viability and morphology. More importantly, COOH+/graphene exhibited better improvement effects than functionalized graphene. For instance, COOH+/graphene with 1 × 1018 ions/cm2 showed the best cell-viability, proliferation and stretching. This study demonstrated that ion implantation can better improve the cytocompatibility of the graphene.

2D Electrolytes: Theory, Modeling, Synthesis, and Characterization

“…Upon thermal activation, the release of N 2 and addition of nitrene (R–N) onto graphene in DMSO lead the molecules to be incorporated, resulting in graphene functionalized with carboxylic acids (COOH). [ 25,26,31 ] The reaction was performed as follows: 40 mL of 0.2 mg mL −1 of graphene in DMSO was prepared in a round‐bottom flask under N 2 environment and sonicated for 15 min at 18 °C. Then, the system was connected to a condenser and, under magnetic stirring, 5‐azidopentanoic acid (250 mg) was added.…”

<p>Applications of Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Smart Drug/Gene Delivery: Is the World Still Flat?</p>

“…Better cellular viability was observed for COOH + implemented graphene. 192 Silanization of GO nanosheet led to a reduction in cytotoxicity of GO examined on three cell lines namely human dermal fibroblast, murine embryonic fibroblast, and human osteosarcoma. Furthermore, the SiGO showed a lower immune activation of macrophages as well as a less hepatotoxic effect than GO in the same concentration on the murine model.…”

<p>Uji sitotoksisitas mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-Silika wetspinning pada kultur sel primer L-929 sebagai aplikasi penguat jembatan gigi direk</p><p>Cytotoxicity test of PMMA and PMMA-Silica wet spinning microfibers in L-929 primary cell culture as a direct dental bridge reinforcement application</p>

“…Penggunaan sel yang diisolasi dari jaringan target yang mengekspresikan fenotipe yang sama dengan sel primer untuk jangka waktu yang lama di dalam kultur sangat diinginkan agar menutup celah antara hasil yang diperoleh pada peneltian biokompatibilitas in vitro dan in vivo. 13,14 Pada penelitian ini mikrofiber PMMA dan PMMA-silika dari 2 parameter, yaitu laju alir dan konsentrasi, di uji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap cell line fibroblas L-929. Gambaran mikroskop dari serat PMMA yang diinkubasi selama 0 hari, 1 hari, 4 hari dan 7 hari (Gambar 1) memperlihatkan tidak terdapat adanya kematian dari sel L-929.…”

“…Sel-sel mati umumnya sering berkumpul dan menjadi terlepas namun biasanya tidak terang dan refraktil. 14 Gambaran mikroskop optik tidak memperlihatkan gambaran sel yang menyerap warna tryptan blue yang menandakan terdapatnya sel mati. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa serat PMMA tidak toksik terhadap cell line fibroblas L-929.…”