Enhancement of Internal Dielectric Constant of Metallodielectrics Made from Layers of Nonmagnetic Wires

Abstract

We derive an improved prescription for the merging of matrix elements with parton showers, extending the CKKW approach. A flavour-dependent phase space separation criterion is proposed. We show that this new method preserves the logarithmic accuracy of the shower, and that the original proposal can be derived from it. One of the main requirements for the method is a truncated shower algorithm. We outline the corresponding Monte Carlo procedures and apply the new prescription to QCD jet production in e + e − collisions and Drell-Yan lepton pair production. Explicit colour information from matrix elements obtained through colour sampling is incorporated in the merging and the influence of different prescriptions to assign colours in the large N C limit is studied. We assess the systematic uncertainties of the new method.

Measurements of the complex permittivity and the complex permeability of low and medium loss isotropic and uniaxially anisotropic metamaterials at microwave frequencies

“…One important class of metamaterials is a metal-dielectric structure. Materials of this kind exhibit diamagnetic (smaller than unity) effective permeability and very large in-plane effective permittivity [6][7][8]. The first effect is related to the eddy currents induced in conductive inclusions and the second effect, an enhancement of dielectric constant [6][7][8], is related to the large capacitances between adjacent conductive clusters.…”

“…Materials of this kind exhibit diamagnetic (smaller than unity) effective permeability and very large in-plane effective permittivity [6][7][8]. The first effect is related to the eddy currents induced in conductive inclusions and the second effect, an enhancement of dielectric constant [6][7][8], is related to the large capacitances between adjacent conductive clusters. The usual and most convenient description of the electromagnetic properties of metamaterials is based on the effective parameters concept.…”

“…Most of the existing methods of measurements of thin planar metamaterials at microwave frequencies employ the transmission/reflection methods in waveguides or with microstrip lines, e.g. [6,8]. It is also well known that the resolution of loss measurements (both electric and magnetic) is limited with the transmission/reflection methods.…”