Enhancement of Metabolic Activity in the Diencephalon of Monkeys Performing Working Memory Task: A 2-Deoxyglucose Study in Behaving Rhesus Monkeys

Friedman, Harriet R.; Janas, Janice D.; Goldman‐Rakic, Patricia S.

doi:10.1162/jocn.1990.2.1.18

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Additionally, a cooperative role for the hippocampus as well as other diencephalic structures during spatial working-memory performance appears likely (Friedman et al 1990, Nelson et al 1997. Although the hippocampus appears to be involved in episodic memory processes that characterize long-delay trials (Diamond et al 1986), the failure to develop an organized response strategy on CANTAB's working-memory problems is exclusively an executive deficit, associated with frontal but not temporal-lobe pathology .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral evidence for working‐memory deficits in school‐aged children with histories of prematurity

Luciana

Lindeke

Georgieff

et al. 1999

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Cognitive performance in 7‐ to 9‐year‐old preterm neonatal intensive‐care survivors was compared with that in age‐matched control children. Non‐verbal memory span, spatial working‐memory abilities, planning, set‐shifting, and recognition memory for both spatial and patterned stimuli were assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery. Relative to children in the control group, neonatal intensive‐care unit (NICU) survivors demonstrated 25% more memory errors on the spatial working‐memory task. Their use of strategy on this task was similar to a control group of 5‐year‐olds. Planning times on‘Tower of London’problems were long relative to those of term controls. NICU survivors demonstrated poorer pattern recognition as well as a shorter spatial memory span. The groups did not differ in visual‐discrimination learning or in spatial‐recognition memory. No specific neonatal risk factor accounted for the observed differences, although scores on the Neurobiological Risk Score (NBRS), a composite measure of neonatal risk, did predict several aspects of later task performance. Whether these data reflect a developmental delay in brain maturation in NICU survivors or the presence of a permanent information‐processing deficit due to adverse neonatal events must be assessed through continued follow‐up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral evidence for working‐memory deficits in school‐aged children with histories of prematurity

Luciana

Lindeke

Georgieff

et al. 1999

Develop Med Child Neuro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Working memory is associated with ECF in that it serves to maintain plans and intentions in short-term memory so the executive system can use these plans and intentions to organize behavior in a coherent, goal-directed manner (Baddeley, 1990;Friedman, Janas, & Goldman-Rakic, 1990;Fuster, 1997;Fuster, 2000). Previous studies have suggested that men with FXTAS may experience impaired working memory (Grigsby et al, 2006a(Grigsby et al, ,b, 2007a.…”

Section: B Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The primary cognitive deficit among males with fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a dysexecutive syndrome

Brega

Goodrich

Bennett

et al. 2008

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with a premutation trinucleotide repeat expansion in the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1). Symptoms include gait ataxia, action tremor, and cognitive impairment. The objectives of the study were to clarify the nature of the dysexecutive syndrome observed in FXTAS and to assess the contribution of executive impairment to deficits in nonexecutive cognitive functions. Compared to controls, men with FXTAS demonstrated significant executive impairment, which was found to mediate group differences in most other cognitive abilities. Asymptomatic premutation carriers performed similarly to controls on all but two measures of executive functioning. These findings suggest that the impairment of non-executive cognitive skills in FXTAS is in large part secondary to executive dysfunction.

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“…Working memory tasks elevate glucose metabolism in the anterior thalamic nuclei (Friedman et al, 1990). Furthermore, one of the highest levels of basal glucose metabolism in the monkey brain is in RSC and glucose metabolism in RSC is elevated when performing a delayedresponse task (Matsunami et al, 1989).…”

Section: Functions Of Rsc and Pcc And Supporting Structural Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytology of human caudomedial cingulate, retrosplenial, and caudal parahippocampal cortices

Vogt

Perl

et al. 2001

J of Comparative Neurology

104

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Brodmann showed areas 26, 29, 30, 23, and 31 on the human posterior cingulate gyrus without marking sulcal areas. Histologic studies of retrosplenial areas 29 and 30 identify them on the ventral bank of the cingulate gyrus (CGv), whereas standardized atlases show area 30 on the surface of the caudomedial region. This study evaluates all areas on the CGv and caudomedial region with rigorous cytologic criteria in coronal and oblique sections Nissl stained or immunoreacted for neuron-specific nuclear binding protein and nonphosphorylated neurofilament proteins (NFP-ir). Ectosplenial area 26 has a granular layer with few large pyramidal neurons below. Lateral area 29 (29l) has a dense granular layer II-IV and undifferentiated layers V and VI. Medial area 29 (29m) has a layer III of medium and NFP-ir pyramids and a layer IV with some large, NFP-ir pyramidal neurons that distinguish it from areas 29l, 30, and 27. Although area 29m is primarily on the CGv, a terminal branch can extend onto the caudomedial lobule. Area 30 is dysgranular with a variable thickness layer IV that is interrupted by large NFP-ir neurons in layers IIIc and Va. Although area 30 does not appear on the surface of the caudomedial lobule, a terminal branch can form less that 1% of this gyrus. Area 23a is isocortex with a clear layer IV and large, NFP-ir neurons in layers IIIc and Va. Area 23b is similar to area 23a but with a thicker layer IV, more large neurons in layer Va, and a higher density of NFP-ir neurons in layer III. The caudomedial gyral surface is composed of areas 23a and 23b and a caudal extension of area 31. Although posterior area 27 and the parasubiculum are similar to rostral levels, posterior area 36' differs from rostral area 36. Subregional flat maps show that retrosplenial cortex is on the CGv, most of the surface of caudomedial cortex is areas 23a, 23b, and 31, and the retrosplenial/parahippocampal border is at the ventral edge of the splenium. Thus, Brodmann's map understates the rostral extent of retrosplenial cortex, overstates its caudoventral extent, and abridges the caudomedial extent of area 23.

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Enhancement of Metabolic Activity in the Diencephalon of Monkeys Performing Working Memory Task: A 2-Deoxyglucose Study in Behaving Rhesus Monkeys

Cited by 51 publications

References 61 publications

Neurobehavioral evidence for working‐memory deficits in school‐aged children with histories of prematurity

Neurobehavioral evidence for working‐memory deficits in school‐aged children with histories of prematurity

The primary cognitive deficit among males with fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a dysexecutive syndrome

Cytology of human caudomedial cingulate, retrosplenial, and caudal parahippocampal cortices

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