Enhancement of Physical Layer Security With Simultaneous Beamforming and Jamming for Visible Light Communication Systems

Abstract

This paper considers physical layer security enhancement mechanisms that utilize simultaneous beamforming and jamming in visible light communication (VLC) systems with a randomly located eavesdropper under the assumption that there are multiple light-emitting diode (LED) transmitters and one intended user. When an eavesdropper with an augmented frontend receiver is present, the jamming is very useful for preventing the eavesdropper from wiretapping the information since it is not possible to extract only the information component from the received signal if the jamming signal is random. Thus, in this paper, an optimization problem is formulated with a focus on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio for the legitimate link, and it is solved by a heuristic method called the concave-convex procedure. Then, a ternary scheme is proposed, which is less complicated than the full (joint) scheme, and it is optimized by adopting a formulation based on an assignment problem, the solution of which is effectively obtained by the so-called tabu search procedure. Additionally, the problem of maximizing the average secrecy rate is investigated by utilizing a continuous LED model, which significantly relaxes the complication that rises from calculating the expectation with respect to the location of the eavesdropper. Our analysis and simulation results show that the proposed simultaneous beamforming and jamming strategies (both joint and ternary) are good proxies for maximizing the average secrecy rate by utilizing the statistical information on the eavesdropper's random location.Index Terms-Physical layer security, visible light communication, beamforming, jamming, average secrecy rate. I. INTRODUCTIONOver the past decade, as the number of mobile devices connected to the Internet has increased, with primary user activities including data-intensive HD video streaming and cloud-based service access, the capacity demand on the radio access network has been steadily increasing. To satisfy this demand, wireless providers are deploying additional access infrastructures that rely on new cells and WiFi endpoints. However, it has proved challenging to improve data rate and reduce latency given the limited range of available radio frequency (RF) spectrum. Moreover, a large number of access points deployed in congested public areas cause high interference among themselves, which results in a degradation in the performance of the communication network [1]- [3].

A Survey on Green 6G Network: Architecture and Technologies

“…Visible light communication (VLC) takes full advantage of LED to achieve the dual purposes of lightning and high-speed data communication. VLC for short range links (up to few meters) has many attractive advantages over classical radio communication [56]. Firstly, visible light spectrum provides ultra-high bandwidth (THz), and the spectrum is free and unlicensed.…”

Vehicle Secrecy Parameters for V2V Communications

“…Recently, a technique for maximizing secrecy capacity using beamforming has been disclosed [15]. 3D beamforming technology is introduced beyond 2D to increase secrecy capacity [16,17].…”

Physical Layer Security in Multiuser VLC Systems with a Randomly Located Eavesdropper

“…1(a), where an infinite number of LED transmitters are attached to the ceiling of an infinitely large room, and the distances between the LEDs are infinitesimal. As shown in [10], this continuum model significantly simplifies the calculation of the received optical power, while accurately approximating the real LED transmitters, i.e., the discrete model. Moreover, the continuum model can be transferred to the discrete LED model with a low complexity by utilizing the selection scheme minimizing the sum of the distances between the continuous and discrete transmitters [10].…”

“…As shown in [10], this continuum model significantly simplifies the calculation of the received optical power, while accurately approximating the real LED transmitters, i.e., the discrete model. Moreover, the continuum model can be transferred to the discrete LED model with a low complexity by utilizing the selection scheme minimizing the sum of the distances between the continuous and discrete transmitters [10]. Note that, in reality, an LED fixture consisting of multiple individual LEDs needs to be capable of communicating independently of other fixtures to serve multiple users at a time [4].…”