“…For text clustering, we compare the proposed TCL with 11 benchmarks, including TF/TF-IDF (Jones, 1972), BagOfWords (BOW) (Harris, 1954), SkipVec (Kiros et al, 2015), Para2Vec (Le and Mikolov, 2014), GSDPMM (Yin and Wang, 2016), RecNN (Socher et al, 2011), STCC (Xu et al, 2017b), HAC-SD (Rakib et al, 2020), ECIC (Rakib et al, 2020), and SCCL (Zhang et al, 2021a). Similarly, the vanilla k-means is conducted on the extracted features to cluster data for those representation-based methods, including BOW, TF/TF-IDF, SkipVec, Para2Vec, and RecNN.…”