Enhancement of source traceability of atmospheric PM by elemental chemical fractionation

Canepari, Silvia; Pietrodangelo, Adriana; Perrino, Cinzia; Astolfi, Maria Luisa; Marzo, Maria Letizia

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.059

Cited by 69 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…By using chemical fractionation data instead of total element content, PCA can evaluate emission sources with higher selectivity [23]. The relationships between the 10 trace elements are readily seen as a 3-D plot of the PCA loadings (Fig.…”

Section: Principal Component Analysis (Pca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results show similar extraction percentages of the following elements in the fine (PM2.5) fraction: As, Cd, Mn, Pb, and Sb. They emphasize that the solubility for PM2.5 was higher than that for PM2.5-10 and that in some cases there were significant differences in the relative percentage concentrations for the extracted and the residue fractions [22,23].…”

Section: Soluble Fraction In Apmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of water-soluble elements in PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10 collected in the surroundings of power plants

Zajusz-Zubek

Mainka

Kaczmarek

2018

E3S Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The analysis reported in this study was performed to characterize the concentrations and water-soluble content of trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb and Se) in PM2.5, PM10 and PM2.5-10 samples collected in the surroundings of power plants in southern Poland. The solubility of trace elements bound to PM2.5 and PM10 was higher than for PM2.5-10, and in most cases, significant differences were revealed in the relative percentage concentrations of the water-soluble fractions. The occurrence of Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb and Se in first PCA (Principal Component Analysis) factor (PC1) − indicate coal combustion processes as the potential source of these elements. Other factors indicate two further anthropogenic sources: the resuspension of road dust due to vehicular activities and waste burning in domestic sources − factor (PC2), and, soil dust sources affected by fugitive dust from the mining processes and unpaved roads, as well as transportation and deposition of coal −factor (PC3).

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Section: Principal Component Analysis (Pca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soluble Fraction In Apmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of water-soluble elements in PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10 collected in the surroundings of power plants

Zajusz-Zubek

Mainka

Kaczmarek

2018

E3S Web of Conferences

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“…The analytical procedure for the elemental chemical fractionation, previously optimized and validated [10][11][12], was carried on each PTFE membrane collected during the campaign. This procedure allows to discriminate water-soluble from insoluble fraction of each analyzed element and resulted to be useful in increasing the selectivity of each element as source tracer [10].…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the study was the evaluation of the spatial variability of the chemical components of PM10, some of which can be used as efficient source tracers. For increasing selectivity of the elements as source tracers, a chemical fractionation procedure, previously optimized and validated [10][11][12], was applied to the collected samples. Chemical fractioning based on elemental solubility, allows to get information on the chemical form in which the element is released and this may be typical of its emission source [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring and Evaluation of Terni (Central Italy) Air Quality through Spatially Resolved Analyses

Massimi

Ristorini

Eusebio

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2nd International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences

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A study of spatial variability of PM10 elemental components was conducted in Terni city (Central Italy), situated in an intramountain depression characterized by the presence of several particulate matter emission sources. The meteorological conditions of Terni basin limit the dispersion and enhance the accumulation of the atmospheric pollutants. Thanks to the utilization of new smart samplers, used for the first time and working in parallel at 23 sampling sites, spatially resolved data were obtained. Localizations of the samplers were chosen in order to evaluate the impact of different local PM10 sources. Chemical composition of the samples was determined in combination with a chemical fractioning procedure, that allowed us to discriminate water-soluble and residual fractions of analyzed elements in which proved to be a valuable approach for increasing selectivity of elements as source tracers. Spatial variability of elements underlined the contribution of local emission sources and the different dispersion capacity of each element. Terni city resulted to be an ideal area to test and validate a new experimental method for the acquisition of spatially resolved data providing the possibility to properly evaluate the spatial variability of PM10 and its chemical components.

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“…The use of an elemental fractionation methodology allows the improvement of the selectivity of most elements as source tracers, by discriminating combustive from mechanicalabrasive sources (Canepari et al, 2008, Canepari et al, 2009b, Canepari et al, 2010. In particular, the processed elements were chosen according to the results reported in Canepari et al (2014), in which the dimensional distributions and solubility of the elements in the monitored area were examined in detail: it was discovered that the extractable fractions of As, Cd, Ni, Pb, Rb, Fe, Sb, Tl, V, Zn are generated by combustion sources in the fine particles, while the residual fraction of Ba, Cu, Fe, Sb, Mn, Ti are released as coarse particles by mechanical-abrasive sources.…”

Section: Pmf Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of PM in an Industrial Area: Comparison between Receptor Model Results and Semiempirical Calculations of Source Contributions

Farao

Canepari

Perrino

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Source apportionment of PM 10 and PM 2.5 samples collected in an industrial area of the Po Valley was performed by using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model and a semiempirical calculation of five macro-source contributions. Samples were collected during four monitoring periods, January-February 2011, June 2012, January-February 2012, May-June 2012, resulting in a total of 720 samples (360 for PM 10 and 360 for PM 2.5 ). PMF variables included major elements, ions, elemental carbon and organic compounds and minor and trace elements. In order to increase the selectivity of minor and trace elements as source tracers, a chemical fractionation methodology based on the elemental solubility was employed; it was thus possible to include the extractable, the residual or both thefractions of the minor and trace elements in the database.PMF resolved six factors for PM 10 (crustal matter, marine aerosol, industry, secondary/oil combustion, secondary nitrate/biomass burning/exhaust particles, brake/tyre wear/re-suspended road dust) and seven factors for PM 2.5 (crustal matter, marine aerosol, industry, secondary nitrate, biomass burning, other secondary components, secondary sulphate/oil combustion). Mixing properties of the lower atmosphere were monitored by using natural radioactivity. The lack in the separation of some sources was shown to be due to their co-variation during periods of high atmospheric stability in the cold months. Seasonal variations of the source contributions were evaluated and discussed.PMF results were compared with those obtained by a semiempirical calculation method in which analytical results are grouped into five macro-sources (crustal matter, marine aerosol, secondary inorganic compounds, combustion products from vehicular emissions and organics). Although similar trends in the temporal variation of the main PM sources were obtained, the absolute magnitude of the concentrations varied in some cases, especially for crustal matter and marine aerosol sources.

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Enhancement of source traceability of atmospheric PM by elemental chemical fractionation

Cited by 69 publications

References 54 publications

Determination of water-soluble elements in PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10 collected in the surroundings of power plants

Determination of water-soluble elements in PM2.5, PM10, and PM2.5-10 collected in the surroundings of power plants

Monitoring and Evaluation of Terni (Central Italy) Air Quality through Spatially Resolved Analyses

Sources of PM in an Industrial Area: Comparison between Receptor Model Results and Semiempirical Calculations of Source Contributions

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