Enhancement of ultrabroadband Bi NIR emission via fluorination for all wavelength amplification of optical communication

Abstract

Bismuth (Bi)-doped photonic glasses and fibers with broadband near-infrared (NIR) photoemission have potential applications in tunable lasers and broadband amplifiers. Yet, when it comes to all wavelength amplification of optical communication, it remains challenging to achieve efficient Bi NIR emission in the technically relevant C-and L-bands (1530-1625 nm). Here, we propose a scheme by fluorination triggered enhancement of ultra-broadband Bi NIR emission in nitrided germanate glasses. Besides, compared to previous research, a unique and efficient Bi-activated ultra-wideband NIR emission with new emission bands peaked at ~924 and ~1520 nm under excitation of 450 nm are obtained in nitrided germanate glasses after fluorination. Moreover, the fluorination can modulate the local chemical environment by forcing the conversion of aluminum species from AlO 4 to AlO 5 and AlO 6 and consequently increase the flexibility of the glass network structure, which finally induces the conversion of Bi species and then manipulates the relative emission intensity of different Bi NIR centers. Thus, a flat and tunable emission spectrum covering the entire optical communication band is obtained by optimizing the fluoride amount. We believe this work is helpful to design the Bi-doped tunable fiber lasers and ultrabroadband amplifiers for all wavelength amplification of optical communication. K E Y W O R D S all wavelength amplification, bismuth, broadband NIR emission, fluorination 1 | INTRODUCTION The speedy development and popularization of informationization promote the continuous increase in scale and complexity of communication networks, and put forward higher requirements for its transmission capacity 1,2. Tunable fiber lasers and wideband optical amplifiers operating in the near-infrared (NIR) region are major components in modern

Regulating the Bi NIR luminescence behaviours in fluorine and nitrogen co-doped germanate glasses

“…On the other hand, the depolymerized glass network may facilitate the formation of more nitride bonds connecting with Ge to the glass network around Bi, thus generating more new Bi NIR emission centers related to germanate by nitridation. 33 In a consequence, the emission intensity at ~924 and ~1496 nm has been improved. This result indicates that the multi-centers Bi NIR luminescence behaviour can be regulated differently by adjusting the glass structures and provides a better understanding about the mechanism of Bi NIR emission.…”

“…32 In 2020, Chen et al manifested that partial substitution of barium fluoride for barium oxide in Bi-doped nitridated germanate glasses could facilitate the formation of nitride bonds to induce NIR luminescence in the glasses. 33 However, to the best of our knowledge, there are few reports related to systematic study on different fluoride of alkali earth on the regulation of multi-centers luminescence behaviours of Bi in nitridated germanate glasses.…”

Single Bi3+ Ultrabroadband White Luminescence in Double Perovskite via Crystal Lattice Engineering toward Light‐Emitting Diode Applications

“…To gain more insight into the different emission centers in the BZWO:0.006Bi 3+ phosphor, the decay lifetimes of the activated ions at different crystal positions can vary, and the decay curves for the 425 nm (Bi(I)) and 590 nm (Bi(II)) emissions are shown in Figure 5g,h). All decay curves were fitted to the double exponential decay equation, [ 41 ] according to formula (2) and (3). The decay time of Bi(I) gradually decreases from 1.99 to 1.88 µs as the amount of Bi 3+ doping increases.…”

Tunable ultra-broadband multi-band NIR emission in Bi-doped aluminogermanate glasses and fibers via controllable Al2O3 content for broadband amplifiers

“…Bismuth (Bi)-doped glasses and fibers endowed with broadband NIR emission (800-1800 nm) exhibit unique advantages over traditional rare earth (RE) ions, and transition-metal ion doped NIR-emitting glasses or glass ceramics. [4][5][6][7] Great efforts have been carried out in Bi-doped silica fibers with various elements (Al, P, or Ge) for obtaining lasers and amplifiers operating in the 1150-1775 nm range, where the rare-earth ions are ineffective. 4,[8][9][10] These have led to Bi-doped glasses and fibers being evolved as interesting gain media for a new generation of tunable fiber lasers and broadband amplifiers to cope with the capacity requirements in optical fiber communication.…”