“…quality control, fingerprinting, authentication, standardization or identification of biomarkers. Other approaches include microfractionation bioactivity-based analysis (Hou et al, 2012), chromatographic profiling (Xu et al, 2012), monitoring alkaloid production in cell suspension cultures (He, Yang, Tan, Zhao, & Hu, 2011; He, Yang, Xiong, et al, 2011), metabonomic approaches (Wang et al, 2010), toxicological studies (Liu, Zhu, Li, Yan, & Lei, 2011) or in functional studies (Lorenz, Olsovska, Sulc, & Tudzynski, 2010) using UHPLC-MS where alkaloids are include identified by their retention time, UV spectra, fragmentation pattern data and high-resolution MS data and in some cases confirmed by NMR experiments.…”