Enhancing benefits from polycultures including tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) within integrated pond-dike systems: A participatory trial with households of varying socio-economic level in rural and peri-urban areas of Bangladesh

Karim, Muhammad Rezaul; Little, David C.; Kabir, Mohammad Shamsul; Verdegem, Marc; Telfer, Trevor; Wahab, M.A.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.01.027

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Not just fish yield but also livestock growth performance, biomass production relative to inputs (Kumaresan et al , 2009) and economic benefits can all be substantially increased. Introducing tilapia into existing integrated farming systems increased gross margins from US$50–150 to 300/household in peri-urban areas of Bangladesh (Karim et al , 2011). Life-cycle assessment has been used to assess the environmental impact of IAA systems in the Mekong Delta (Phong et al , 2011).…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects from agroecology and industrial ecology for animal production in the 21st century

Dumont

Fortun-Lamothe²,

Jouven

et al. 2013

Animal

273

185

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Agroecology and industrial ecology can be viewed as complementary means for reducing the environmental footprint of animal farming systems: agroecology mainly by stimulating natural processes to reduce inputs, and industrial ecology by closing system loops, thereby reducing demand for raw materials, lowering pollution and saving on waste treatment. Surprisingly, animal farming systems have so far been ignored in most agroecological thinking. On the basis of a study by Altieri, who identified the key ecological processes to be optimized, we propose five principles for the design of sustainable animal production systems: (i) adopting management practices aiming to improve animal health, (ii) decreasing the inputs needed for production, (iii) decreasing pollution by optimizing the metabolic functioning of farming systems, (iv) enhancing diversity within animal production systems to strengthen their resilience and (v) preserving biological diversity in agroecosystems by adapting management practices. We then discuss how these different principles combine to generate environmental, social and economic performance in six animal production systems (ruminants, pigs, rabbits and aquaculture) covering a long gradient of intensification. The two principles concerning economy of inputs and reduction of pollution emerged in nearly all the case studies, a finding that can be explained by the economic and regulatory constraints affecting animal production. Integrated management of animal health was seldom mobilized, as alternatives to chemical drugs have only recently been investigated, and the results are not yet transferable to farming practices. A number of ecological functions and ecosystem services (recycling of nutrients, forage yield, pollination, resistance to weed invasion, etc.) are closely linked to biodiversity, and their persistence depends largely on maintaining biological diversity in agroecosystems. We conclude that the development of such ecology-based alternatives for animal production implies changes in the positions adopted by technicians and extension services, researchers and policymakers. Animal production systems should not only be considered holistically, but also in the diversity of their local and regional conditions. The ability of farmers to make their own decisions on the basis of the close monitoring of system performance is most important to ensure system sustainability.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects from agroecology and industrial ecology for animal production in the 21st century

Dumont

Fortun-Lamothe²,

Jouven

et al. 2013

Animal

273

185

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“…rapa chinensis must involve small‐scale farmers using participatory studies conducted on‐farm (Karim et al . ). These aspects are limited in many African and other developing countries particularly for the integration of C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is because IAA technology involves the provision of key management skills to farmers such that its successful application depends largely on the farmers’ knowledge of the production systems involved at the farm (Murshed‐E‐Jahan & Pemsl ). Thus, technical knowledge is usually reckoned to be a crucial prerequisite in adopting IAA techniques (Karim, Little, Kabir, Verdegem, Telfer & Wahab ; Mirhaj, Boit, Razzak & Wahab ; Chau, Phuoc, Duc, Troell & Berg ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish polyculture system integrated with vegetable farming improves yield and economic benefits of small-scale farmers

et al. 2016

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This study explored the yield and economic benefits of African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus polyculture, reared in earthen ponds for 270 days integrated with Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa chinensis, farmed for 45 days to small‐scale farmers in Tanzania. An integrated aquaculture–agriculture (IAA) system involving fishes and vegetables resulted in three and 2.5 times higher net yield than the culture of fishes alone and farming of non‐integrated vegetables respectively. Vegetables irrigated with pond water resulted in 1.8 times higher net and annual yields than those irrigated with stream water. The practice of fish–vegetable integration and growing of vegetables irrigated with pond water produced 14 and 13 times higher net annual yield, respectively, than the culture of fishes alone. The integrated system produced 20 and 150 times more net returns compared with vegetables irrigated with pond and stream water respectively. Integrating fishes with vegetables resulted in significantly higher annual net cash flow than the farming of fishes and vegetables separately. The study revealed that integrating fishes with B. rapa chinensis increases yields, income and food production to small‐scale farmers. Thus, small‐scale farmers can adopt IAA technology to meet the increasing demand of fish and vegetables, stabilize their incomes and diversify food production, consequently improving food security. These benefits will be realized by providing proper training in IAA technology and management skills to small‐scale farmers.

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“…The integration of vegetable production alongside aquaculture has been shown to improve the livelihoods of those who practice such methods (Sen, 2011). Furthermore, the introduction of vegetable farming for a household reduces their vulnerability through diversification (Karim et al, 2011). In addition, a reduction in salinity can improve vegetable crops significantly (Shannon and Grieve, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Changes in South West Bangladesh and Its Impact on Rural Livelihoods

Bhowmick¹,

Uddin²,

Rahman³

2017

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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Salinity intrusion greatly affects the livelihood decisions which farmers have to make. Both environmental and anthropogenic factors affect salt water intrusion within south west Bangladesh. Although climate change and sea level rise are thought to increase salinity, siltation and sedimentation of canals reduces access to surface water and prevents salt water intrusion in to farming zones. This study highlights how decreasing salinity within Khulna and Bagerhat districts is allowing farmers to diversify their agricultural practices, reducing vulnerability and improving household income and food security. By using both quantitative and qualitative data collection, semi structured interviews were held with farmers and landless people to understand how they adapt to salinity changes. The results show that whilst salinity decreases were identical across both districts, farmers adapt to the changes in a number of ways based primarily on their access to water. Whilst shrimp production struggles to improve, increases in freshwater production of prawns, fin fish and dyke crops partially confirm that salinity was decreasing within the area. Furthermore, increases in income generation were also observed confirming that diversification improved rural livelihoods. In the wider context, understanding farmer mitigation strategies towards the environment allows for future comparisons to be made on climate change and sea level rise which are widely considered to drive salt water intrusion further in land.Key words: Aquaculture, Bangladesh, Salinity, Livelihoods. INTRODUCTIONThe South West region of Bangladesh is dominated by an extensive network of water systems forming the largest delta in the world. As the Brahmaputra, Ganges and Meghna rivers converge they generate a huge potential for the local population to engage in agricultural activities. As such, approximately 49% of the population is engaged in farming crops, livestock or aquaculture. Both environmental and anthropogenic issues have had a significant impact on local livelihood decisions. Salinity intrusion in rivers and canals has limited the access people have to freshwater bodies, reducing agricultural productivity (Afroz and Alam, 2010). Furthermore, saline intrusion is widely considered to have a negative impact on agriculture, reducing plant growth and decreasing productivity (Rahman, 2010). There is often a premise that SLR drives salt water intrusion further inland, and many studies have highlighted the reduced capacity for farmers to engage in agriculture when salinity levels are high (Deb, 1998). However, salinity levels do fluctuate between seasons and between different geographical areas along the coast. Mondal et al. (2001) showed that dry season soil salinity was over three times higher than during the rainy season, but through increasing crop production during this time top soil salinity levels can be lowered. The study also indicated that groundwater, although slightly saline, was still adequate for use during the dry season for agriculture and ...

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Enhancing benefits from polycultures including tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) within integrated pond-dike systems: A participatory trial with households of varying socio-economic level in rural and peri-urban areas of Bangladesh

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Prospects from agroecology and industrial ecology for animal production in the 21st century

Prospects from agroecology and industrial ecology for animal production in the 21st century

Fish polyculture system integrated with vegetable farming improves yield and economic benefits of small-scale farmers

Salinity Changes in South West Bangladesh and Its Impact on Rural Livelihoods

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