Enhancing CO2 electroreduction to syngas by active protons of imidazolium ionic liquids: From performance to mechanism

A Bifunctional Ionic Liquid for Capture and Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to CO over Silver

“…Although the 1565 cm −1 peak is also seen in SERS under N 2 at −1.8 V (Figure S17b), its appearance is more prominent under CO 2 saturation and at an earlier potential at −1.1 V. Therefore, there could be two explanations: one where the IL ions are reorienting or breaking solvation and another where [EMIM] + -COOH forms. 43,47 Other features related to −COOH at 966 cm −1 (out-of-plane bending of OH of COOH) and 537 cm −1 (CO of COOH out-of-plane deformation) are previously reported at CO 2 RR potentials. 42 As illustrated in Figure 4, S21).…”

“…As the electrode is negatively polarized to −1.1 V, a new peak at 1612 cm –1 appears (marked with * in Figure where its intensity is highest) and can be assigned to υ as (CO 2 – ), likely of the carboxylate via the carbene intermediate. , This feature is visible up to −1.7 V and then diminishes as the peak at 1565 cm –1 intensifies. Although the 1565 cm –1 peak is also seen in SERS under N 2 at −1.8 V (Figure S17b), its appearance is more prominent under CO 2 saturation and at an earlier potential at −1.1 V. Therefore, there could be two explanations: one where the IL ions are reorienting or breaking solvation and another where [EMIM] + -COOH forms. , Other features related to −COOH at 966 cm –1 (out-of-plane bending of OH of COOH) and 537 cm –1 (CO of COOH out-of-plane deformation) are previously reported at CO 2 RR potentials . As illustrated in Figure , there are multiple possible proton sources for this complex to form: C2 proton of [EMIM] + (p K a(H2O) ∼ 23) and −NH proton of 2-CNpyrH (pKa (H2O) ∼ 15) .…”

Emerging catalysts for the ambient synthesis of ethylene glycol from CO2 and its derivatives

“…[87][88][89][90][91] For example, we have employed a Ni-foamsupported nano-Ag catalyst for the CO 2 RR to syngas ionic liquid-acetonitrile electrolyte. 92 In 2011, Schouten et al explored the CO 2 RR in copper. 93 Based on the in situ spectroscopy experiments and theoretical calculations, it is speculated that the intermediates of the reaction may be formaldehyde, methoxy, glyoxal, glycolaldehyde, EG, and so on.…”

Electrochemical CO2reduction with ionic liquids: review and evaluation

“…Jaecheol et al 52 demonstrated that the addition of [EMIM][BF 4 ] into an aprotic electrolyte could reduce the overpotential and enhance the kinetics of electron transfer for CO 2 R, and the turnover frequency (TOF) in the IL-based systems was 4 times higher than without ILs. Min et al 53 reported that the current density of syngas could reach up to 644.7 mA cm -2 in the gas diffusion electrode (GDE) electrolyzer with the imidazolium-based ILs as the electrolytes. Furthermore, the product of CO 2 R was changed into CO from syngas via replacing the C2-H of imidazolium cation with methyl, and the current density could reach up to 528.3 mA cm -2 , which has already achieved the industrial standard, indicating that the IL-based electrolytes are efficient in GDE.…”