Enhancing concrete strength and sustainability: the role of Medan Barangan banana skin powder as a cement substitute

Abstract

The construction sector is experiencing rapid developments in various domains such as housing, offices, bridges, highways, dams, and ports. The predominant construction material employed in these projects is concrete, known for its high compressive strength, fire resistance, and extended operational lifespan [1]. However, the manufacturing process of concrete, involving cement, fine aggregate, water, and additives, poses challenges to environmental conservation [2]. The widespread use of cement, especially in industrial construction, contributes significantly to environmental issues.