Enhancing Continuity of Physiotherapy Care: Investigating the Impact of Missed Follow-up Appointments in Outpatient Settings

Abstract

Background: Physiotherapy is essential in managing chronic diseases in musculoskeletal, neurological and cardiovascular domains. These conditions have high morbidity rates and hence need therapeutic interventions that enhance the quality of life. However, poor adherence to review appointments diminishes treatment effectiveness and healthcare productivity. Evidence from developed countries reveals varying missed appointment (MA) rates, thereby calling for targeted treatments embedded in contextual factors. Methods: This was a retrospective study using clinic data to identify MA rates and associated variables that included age, gender, and residential origins. The effect of each variable on appointment adherence was investigated. An intervention plan was designed to reduce MA through appointment reminders and patient education. Incentives were also foreseen. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and cost-benefit analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23. Results: The rate of MA was 22% initially, significantly reducing to 12% after the intervention (p<0.001). The demographic variables significantly relating to appointment adherence were age group and residential location (p<0.001, 0.012) respectively. Seasonality and referral sources played their role in attendance patterns, which align with earlier studies on healthcare use determinants. Conclusion: This study provides deep insights from physiotherapy appointment adherence in Pakistan and depicts successful measures for reducing MAs and improving treatment delivery. The findings represent the values of patient-centred treatments, which result in a better functional outcome for patients, with a smooth running of clinic operations. Keywords: Appointments, Follow-up, Physiotherapy, Records.