Enhancing corrosion resistance of RC pipes using geopolymer mixes when subjected to aggressive environment

Omer, Lamiaa M.; Gomaa, Mohamed S.; Sufe, Waleed H.; Elsayed, Alaa A.; El-Ghazaly, H.A.

doi:10.1186/s44147-021-00057-1

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the contrary, a higher temperature can further positively affect the mechanical properties of the layers, e.g., by increasing the surface hardness (mainly in the case of GP suspensions with Al 2 O 3 content). Continuing that research and the previous research [23,24], the focus may be on the analysis of the mechanical properties of multilayer coatings, such as the microhardness of the surface of the layers or the tribological properties [40,42] (possibly the corrosion resistance of the coatings [43]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness, Adhesion and Microscopic Analysis of the Surface Structure of Single-Layer and Multi-Layer Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Coatings

Jaskevic,

Novotny,

Mamon

et al. 2023

Coatings

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This work is focused on creating coating layers made of a metakaolin-based geopolymer suspensions (GP)-formed Al matrix modified using H3PO4 acid with Al(OH)3 in isopropyl alcohol, named GP suspension I, and H3PO4 acid with nano Al2O3 in isopropyl alcohol, named GP suspension J. The selected GP suspensions were applied on aluminum and steel underlying substrates as single-layer coatings and multi-layer coatings, where multi-layer coatings included three and five layers that were polymerized by a curing process. Curing was divided into two types with every layer curing process and final layer curing process. For both GP suspensions I and J, the effect of the number of layers and the type of substrate on adhesion was investigated. The prepared samples on underlying substrates were characterized on the microscopy analysis including SEM for high-resolution images and 3D laser confocal microscopy (CLSM) for the 3D visualization of the coatings structure. Microscopy analysis showed structural defects such as porosity, cracks and peeling, which increase with a greater number of applied layers. However, these defects were only evident on a micro scale and did not seem to be fatal for the performance of the surface stability. The EDS mapping of the prepared layer showed inhomogeneity in the distribution of elements caused by the brush application. A grid test and thickness measurement were performed to complete the microscopy analysis. The grid test confirmed a very high adhesion of GP coatings on the aluminum substrate with a rating of one (only in one case was there a rating of two) and a lower adhesion on the steel substrate with the most frequent rating of three (in one case, there were ratings of two and one). The thickness measurement proved a noticeably thicker thickness of the prepared layer on the Fe substrate compared to the Al substrate by 20%–30% in the case of suspension I and by 70%–10% in the case of suspension J. The thickness of the layer also showed a dependence on the method of application and curing, as a thicker layer was always achieved when curing after the final layer of the GP suspension, compared to curing after each applied layer. The resulting single-layer and multi-layer thicknesses ranged from approx. 7 to 30 µm for suspension I and from approx. 3 to 11 µm for suspension J. A non-linear increase in thickness was also evident from the thickness measurement data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness, Adhesion and Microscopic Analysis of the Surface Structure of Single-Layer and Multi-Layer Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Coatings

Jaskevic,

Novotny,

Mamon

et al. 2023

Coatings

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“…These studies suggested that geopolymer concrete could be an effective alternative in terms of corrosion resistance and potentially significant for the durability of building structures. In their article [123], Omel et al proved that the use of geopolymers in concrete pipes significantly improved the corrosion resistance of these structures in aggressive environments due to lower concentrations of corroding substances, higher density and better material hardening compared to traditional cement. Furthermore, experiments showed that geopolymers have significant benefits in terms of corrosion resistance compared to Portland-cementbased concrete, making them a promising material for water and sewage infrastructure applications.…”

Section: Geopolymers As Anticorrosive Solutions In Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geopolymers: Advanced Materials in Medicine, Energy, Anticorrosion and Environmental Protection

Kudłacik-Kramarczyk,

Drabczyk,

Figiela

et al. 2023

Materials

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The initial predictions of the importance of geopolymers primarily assumed use mainly in the construction sector. However, as research progresses, it is becoming clear that these versatile materials demonstrate the ability to greatly exceed their original applications, as characterized in detail in this review article. To the best of our knowledge, there is no literature review concerning geopolymer materials that compiles the diverse applications of these versatile materials. This paper focuses on geopolymer applications beyond the construction industry. The surprising application potential of geopolymers in medicine has become a topic of particular interest. Therefore, considerable attention in this paper is devoted to characterizing the utility of these materials in tissue engineering, dentistry and drug delivery systems. Geopolymers not only have exceptional heat resistance and compressive strength, making them durable and resistant to manipulation (over five times less drug released from the geopolymer carrier compared to the commercial formulation), but also provide a robust solution for extended-release drug delivery systems, especially in opioid formulations. Their chemical stability, porous structure and ability to maintain structure after repeated regeneration processes speak to their potential in water treatment. Geopolymers, which excel in the energy industry as refractory materials due to their resistance to high temperatures and refractory properties, also present potential in thermal insulation and energy storage. It was demonstrated that geopolymer-based systems may even be 35% cheaper than conventional ones and show 70% lower thermal conductivity. In terms of protection against microorganisms, the possibility of modifying geopolymers with antimicrobial additives shows their adaptability, maintaining their effectiveness even under high-temperature conditions. Research into their use as anticorrosion materials is targeting corrosion-resistant coatings, with geopolymers containing graphene oxide showing particularly promising results. The multitude of potential applications for geopolymers in a variety of fields reflects their enormous potential. As research progresses, the scope of their possibilities continues to expand, offering innovative solutions to pressing global challenges.

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“…This is a general problem that can affect the integrity of assets built to last for extended service life periods. Studies on the durability of steel embedded in concrete structures now generate a lot of interest, as exemplified in recent publications [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Numerous structures have been examined for their structural integrities, and corrosion is identified as a significant threat affecting these assets' durability [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making a Case for Hybrid GFRP-Steel Reinforcement System in Concrete Beams: An Overview

2023

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Ageing concrete infrastructures are known to be facing deterioration, especially regarding the corrosion of their reinforcing steel. As a solution, glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) bars are now considered a reinforcement alternative to conventional steel, and design codes now exist for designing GFRP-RC structures. However, there is a need to improve on addressing the limited plastic yield in GFRPs. Consequently, it is suggested that a hybrid steel–GFRP RC system can enhance the mechanical performance of flexure beams up to the required standard and, at the same time, address the durability concerns of steel-only RC beams. This overview presents the studies conducted to enhance the performance of hybrid GFRP–steel RC beams by reviewing the analytical models proposed to improve the various aspects of reinforcement design. The models consider mechanical effects such as ductility, crack width, flexure and shear, and the physical effects such as thermal stability when exposed to the temperature. Though the evidence reviewed supports the viability of the hybrid GFRP–steel reinforcing system to address ductility, much is still required in the area of research, as highlighted in the future outlook.

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Enhancing corrosion resistance of RC pipes using geopolymer mixes when subjected to aggressive environment

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Thickness, Adhesion and Microscopic Analysis of the Surface Structure of Single-Layer and Multi-Layer Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Coatings

Thickness, Adhesion and Microscopic Analysis of the Surface Structure of Single-Layer and Multi-Layer Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Coatings

Geopolymers: Advanced Materials in Medicine, Energy, Anticorrosion and Environmental Protection

Making a Case for Hybrid GFRP-Steel Reinforcement System in Concrete Beams: An Overview

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