Enhancing ecological connectivity through biodiversity offsets to mitigate impacts on habitats of large mammals in tropical forest environments

Rosa, Josianne Cláudia Sales; Campos, Pedro Bueno Rocha; Nascimento, Caroline Bianca; Souza, Barbara Almeida; Valetich, Rebeca; Sánchez, Luís Enrique

doi:10.1080/14615517.2022.2090086

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Only at the landscape level is it possible to decrease the number of patches of natural areas (Crouzeilles et al., 2016; Ribeiro et al., 2009). Therefore, one way to apply a landscape approach to offset planning is to focus on increasing connectivity (Patterson et al., 2022; Rosa et al., 2022; Tarabon et al., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the potential of biodiversity offsets to achieve net gain

Souza

Rosa

Campos

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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Evaluating the outcomes and tracking the trajectory of biodiversity offsets is essential to demonstrating their effectiveness as a mechanism to conciliate development and conservation. We reviewed the literature to determine the principles that should underpin biodiversity offset planning and the criteria for offset evaluation at the project level. According to the literature, the core principles of equivalence, additionality, and permanence are used as criteria to evaluate conservation outcomes of offsets. We applied the criteria to evaluate offsets of a large iron ore mining project in the Atlantic Forest in Brazil. We examined equivalence in terms of the amount of area per biodiversity value affected and fauna and flora similarity, additionality in terms of landscape connectivity, and permanence in terms of guarantees to ensure protection and restoration offsets lasting outcomes. We found an offset ratio (amount of affected area:offset area) of 1:1.8 for forests and 1:2 for grasslands. Ecological equivalence (i.e., similarity between affected and offset areas) was found for forested areas, but not for ferruginous rupestrian grasslands or for fauna. Landscape metrics showed that connectivity improved relative to the preproject situation as a result of locating restoration offsets in the largest and best‐connected forest patch. Permanence of offsets was addressed by establishing covenants and management measures, but financial guarantees to cover maintenance costs after mine closure were lacking. Offsets should be equivalent in type and size, provide conservation outcomes that would not be obtained without them (additionality), and be lasting (permanence). To monitor and evaluate offsets, it is necessary to determine how well these 3 principles are applied in the planning, implementation, and maintenance of offsets. Achieving measurable conservation outcomes from offsets is a long‐term endeavor that requires sustained management support, and is information intensive. Thus, offsets require ongoing monitoring and evaluation as well as adaptive management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the potential of biodiversity offsets to achieve net gain

Souza

Rosa

Campos

et al. 2023

Conservation Biology

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“…There is a certain lack of studies that investigate the recovery of terrestrial vertebrates in restored environments, mainly in areas of restoration of the Atlantic Forest (e.g. Fernandez et al, 2017; Santos Jr. et al, 2016; Trevelin et al, 2013; Vogel et al, 2016), and some of these studies investigate the dispersal pattern of species in altered areas in order to then model effective restoration measurements (Crouzeilles et al, 2015; Rosa et al, 2022). For mammals, most of the applied studies were developed in Australia (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimates of the effect size (r) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the selected environmental variables on species that showed cumulative goodness of fit greater than 0.3. Vogel et al, 2016), and some of these studies investigate the dispersal pattern of species in altered areas in order to then model effective restoration measurements (Crouzeilles et al, 2015;Rosa et al, 2022). For mammals, most of the applied studies were developed in Australia (e.g.…”

Section: Ta B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in mammal communities between forest fragments and restoration areas in the Atlantic Forest

Marques,

dos Anjos

2023

Austral Ecology

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The persistence of larger mammals in fragmented forest landscapes depends not only on the protection of remaining habitats but also on ecological restoration sites. It is known that the landscape context is an important predictor of species persistence, abundance and distribution. Here we evaluate how landscape characteristics influence the recovery of larger mammals in ecological restoration sites. We assess the richness and composition of mammals in forest fragments and restoration sites using landscape metrics such as forest cover and connectivity. Forest fragments and restoration sites present the same richness (n = 26), but differ in species composition. Some seed‐dispersing mammals were absent in restoration areas, such as Alouatta guariba (brown howler monkey) and Coendou spinosus (paraguayan hairy dwarf porcupine). The percentage of forest cover in the landscape was responsible for 29.09% of the variation in species composition between the evaluated forest formations, exerting a positive or negative influence depending on the species requirements. The results demonstrate the importance of considering not only landscape metrics in an ecological restoration plan, but also the historical landscape context, such as the fauna composition before the disturbance and how these species respond to environmental changes, thus improving the success of future ecological restoration measurements and policies.

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“…Estudos que se aproximam da diversidade funcional são utilizados para estudar a perda de biodiversidade e dos serviços ecossistêmicos, bem como a resiliência ecossistêmica e os efeitos das mudanças ambientais (por exemplo, Rosa et al, 2022;Cianciaruso et al, 2012;Oliver et al, 2015). Esses tipos de estudos trazem informações importantes sobre a estrutura da comunidade e o processo de montagem que são úteis para o planejamento e o monitoramento de planos eficazes de restauração e conservação.…”

Section: Etapas Da Pesquisaunclassified

“…De fato, o relatório de monitoramento de grandes mamíferos, por exemplo, demonstrou o movimento de dispersão dos indivíduos da região da mina para outras áreas, o que tem uma relação direta com a perda de habitats, evidenciando a possibilidade de existência de impacto residual e a necessidade de implementar medidas de compensação (Rosa et al, 2022).…”

Section: Aderência à Hierarquia De Mitigaçãounclassified

Os impactos e compensações em projetos de mineração: caminho positivo para biodiversidade e serviços ecossistêmicos.

Souza

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Sou grata pelo processo e caminho percorrido, que me fizeram crescer muito. E mais importante do que a pesquisa em si, é quem esteve ao meu lado, meu doutorado só foi possível à minha rede de pessoas amadas que me deram estrutura nos últimos cinco anos. Por isso agradeço: Ao professor Luis Enrique Sánchez pela oportunidade de crescimento, supervisão e orientação. Agradeço pela paciência, pelo compartilhamento da sua experiência e conhecimento sobre avaliação de impacto.Às professoras Aliny Pires e Rozely Santos, pelos comentários e contribuições que me ajudaram na segunda etapa do desenvolvimento da tese.Aos colegas geógrafos Pedro Bueno e Carlos Pires que deram suporte nas análises das métricas da paisagem.À empresa Anglo American Brasil por destacar a importância da pesquisa em conservação da biodiversidade no setor da mineração. Em especial, à Claudiana Paula de Souza pela confiança, entusiasmo e pela paciência em me dar acesso às informações necessárias a esta pesquisa.À Fundação de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico da Engenharia, pelo apoio financeiro e administrativo durante os anos iniciais, por meio do Projeto nº1686.À Josianne Rosa pelo compartilhamento de experiências, oportunidades e principalmente pela amizade e conforto nos momentos difíceis desta tese. À Juliana Siqueira-Gay pela companhia divertida e pela colaboração na pesquisa.À Tais Fernandes pelos momentos de desabafo e risadas, mesmo a distância.Às queridas Ana Paula Dibo e Carla Duarte, muito grata pela rica troca de experiência e momentos que me ensinaram tanto neste processo.Ao Stephen Edwards, da União Internacional para Conservação da Natureza, pela confiança em meu trabalho, compreensão e otimismo de sempre. Aos colegas do grupo Impact Mitigation and Ecological Compensation, da Comissão de Gestão de Ecossistemas.Agradeço ao Renato Iwamoto, cujo olhar sobre mim me faz acreditar que eu consigo tudo, obrigada por ser meu abrigo todos os dias. À minha família de mulheres fortes e inteligentes a quem devo tudo: minhas irmãs Caroline e Natália, aos meus pais pelo suporte e por todo encorajamento não apenas neste período, mas ao longo de todo o percurso que trilhei até aqui.

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Enhancing ecological connectivity through biodiversity offsets to mitigate impacts on habitats of large mammals in tropical forest environments

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Evaluating the potential of biodiversity offsets to achieve net gain

Evaluating the potential of biodiversity offsets to achieve net gain

Differences in mammal communities between forest fragments and restoration areas in the Atlantic Forest

Os impactos e compensações em projetos de mineração: caminho positivo para biodiversidade e serviços ecossistêmicos.

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