Enhancing Food Supply Chain Security through the Use of Blockchain and TinyML

Abstract

Food safety is a fundamental right in modern societies. One of the most pressing problems nowadays is the provenance of food and food-related products that citizens consume, mainly due to several food scares and the globalization of food markets, which has resulted in food supply chains that extend beyond nations or even continent boundaries. Food supply networks are characterized by high complexity and a lack of openness. There is a critical requirement for applying novel techniques to verify and authenticate the origin, quality parameters, and transfer/storage details associated with food. This study portrays an end-to-end approach to enhance the security of the food supply chain and thus increase the trustfulness of the food industry. The system aims at increasing the transparency of food supply chain monitoring systems through securing all components that those consist of. A universal information monitoring scheme based on blockchain technology ensures the integrity of collected data, a self-sovereign identity approach for all supply chain actors ensures the minimization of single points of failure, and finally, a security mechanism, that is based on the use of TinyML’s nascent technology, is embedded in monitoring devices to mitigate a significant portion of malicious behavior from actors in the supply chain.

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“…The significance of transparency in supply chains can be gauged from the fact that an exponential increase in the number of studies are appearing on the subject. For example, textile supply chain (Hader et al, 2022), healthcare supply chain (Gebreab et al, 2022), food supply chain (Al-Rakhami and Al-Mashari, 2021;Tsoukas et al, 2022;Jaison and Ramaiah, 2022), agrifood supply chain (Marchese and Tomarchio, 2022;Srivastava and Dashora, 2022b), fashion supply chain (Muratore and Marques, 2022) among others. Dairy and pharmaceutical supply chain are more prominent due to their immediate impact on end customers' health.…”

“…, 2022), healthcare supply chain (Gebreab et al. , 2022), food supply chain (Al-Rakhami and Al-Mashari, 2021; Tsoukas et al ., 2022; Jaison and Ramaiah, 2022), agri-food supply chain (Marchese and Tomarchio, 2022; Srivastava and Dashora, 2022b), fashion supply chain (Muratore and Marques, 2022) among others. Dairy and pharmaceutical supply chain are more prominent due to their immediate impact on end customers' health.…”