Enhancing Selective Encryption for H.264/AVC Using Advanced Encryption Standard

Abstract

Abstract-Multimedia information availability has increased dramatically with the advent of mobile devices. But with this availability comes problems of maintaining the security of information that is displayed in public. Many approaches have been used or proposed for providing security for information dissemination over networks, protection system classified with more specific as encryption information, and combination between video compression and encryption to increase information security. The strength of the combination between Video compression and encryption science is due to the nonexistence of standard algorithms to be used in video compression and encrypting secret video stream. Also there are many ways could be used in video encryption methods such as combining several different encryption methods with video compression to pass a secret video streaming. Furthermore, there is no formal method to be followed to discover an encrypted video. For this reason, the task of this paper becomes difficult. In this paper proposed a new system of video encryption is presented. The proposed system aim to gain a deep understanding of video data security on multimedia technologies, to investigate how encryption and decryption could be implemented for real time video applications, and to enhance the selective encryption for H.264/AVC. The system includes two main functions; first is the encoding/encryption of video stream, through the execution of two processes (the input sequences of video is first compressed by the H.264/AVC encoder, and the encoded bit stream (I-frame) is partially encrypted using AES block cipher). And the second function is the decryption/decoding of the encrypted video through two process (specify the encrypted I-frame stream, decryption of the I-frame, and decoding with H.264/AVC decoder). The system is implemented by using Matlab.

Transparent encryption with scalable video communication: Lower-latency, CABAC-based schemes

“…In [39] there is an analysis of a system for H.264/AVC I-frame only SE which also brings low computation, low bitrate overhead and decoder format compliance after encryption, though no analysis of the video distortion or image structural distortion arising from partial encryption was made in [39]. As another example employing CABAC-based encryption in [40] only I-and P-frames are selectively encrypted.…”

“…The underlying motivation behind such schemes is that even if the bitstream is captured by packet 'sniffer' software or stored by some means at the receiver device successful decoding of the P-or B-frame compression data depends on being able to decode the corresponding I-frame within a Group of Pictures (GOP) [41]. Therefore, in [39] P-and B-frame data are sent in the clear. However, if it is possible to only encrypt B-frames, as in our experimental scheme, then the computational and bitrate overhead is much reduced.…”

An Efficient Security System for CABAC Bin-Strings of H.264/SVC

“…The study in [9] describes the SE on I-frames by extracting them from the H.264 bit-stream and using the AES algorithm for ciphering and deciphering. The scheme reduces the computational cost, but it is nonformat-compliant.…”

“…a) UFL-coded block − pattern is encoded using a 4-bit FL prefix for luma and TU suffix with cutoff value CV = 2 for chroma. b) UEG3-motion vector differences are encoded with a concatenation of a unary prefix and a third-order Exp-Golomb code suffix: for a value MVD, the prefix is a TU coding with the cutoff value CV = 9 of the value min(|MVD|, 9), or, if MVD = 0, just the bit 0. If |MVD| ≤ 9, a suffix is output with the value | MVD |−9 using the EG3 code.…”

“…ek n →HMAC (TEK, ek n Constant || RAND,ek n length) (8) ek n−1 →HMAC(ek n , ek n−1 Constant|| RAND, ek n−1 length) (9) ek n−2 →HMAC(ek n−1 , ek n−2 Constant||RAND, ek n−2 length).…”