Enhancing strength and cryogenic toughness of high manganese TWIP steel plate by double strengthened structure design

Influence of DIMT on impact toughness: Relationship between crack propagation and the α′-martensite morphology in austenitic steel

“…Grain refinement provides a high density of large-angle grain boundaries, which is beneficial for crack deflection. However, for austenitic steel with complex deformation behavior, crack propagation energy usually increases with the increasing grain sizes [46][47][48][49]. Wang et al [46] claimed that the impact toughness is independent of the austenite grain size in high-Mn steel, and the crack propagation energy is related to the density of ∑ 3 special grain boundaries (i.e.…”

“…twinning boundaries). Chen et al [47][48][49] studied high-Mn austenitic steels and claimed that the high toughness of the coarse grain steel is related to the more twinning systems that occur in CG steels, which brings significant dynamic grain refinement and relatively homogeneous plastic deformation. Similar observations can be found in the present CG and UCG steels where the change in grain sizes has a minimal influence on E p .…”

“…Austenitic steels with high impact toughness are ideal candidates for energy absorption applications, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) tanks [1], pressure vessels [2], and offshore structures [3][4][5]. However, for safety-critical applications, their lower yield strength has limited the widespread use of austenitic steels in these applications [6].…”

Development of Fe-11Al-xMN alloy steel on cryogenic temperatures

“…At 123 K, grain refinement improved tensile elongation, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength significantly. Work [20] reported the yield strength of the steel with the double reinforcing structure is raised by 86 MPa compared to the soft structure, the cryogenic impact energy (-196 °C) is reduced by only 17 J. Improved tensile properties of resistant steel duplex ferrite and austenite rust at cryogenic temperatures is affected by martensite transformation induced deformation, simultaneous deformation of ferrite and austenite, ductile fracture as illustrated in [21].…”

Characterization of deformation-induced martensite with various AGSs upon Charpy impact loading and correlation with transformation mechanisms

“…The superior damage tolerance of austenitic steels facilitates their wide use in safety-critical applications, such as pressure vessels [1][2][3][4]. Compared with austenitic steels deforming under quasi-static loading conditions, the suppressed transformation-induced plastic (TRIP) effect of austenitic steels under dynamic loading conditions unfavorably limits the work hardening behavior and strength [5][6][7][8].…”