Enhancing the anti-ageing, antimicrobial activity and mechanical properties of surface-coated paper by Ag@TiO2-modified nanopigments

Abstract

In this work, the effect of using Ag-doped TiO2 nanopigments on optical, mechanical and antimicrobial properties of coated paper was explored. Furthermore, the long-term antimicrobial activity of the coated paper was examined for up to 25 years. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have been synthesized and doped with different percentages of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using a simple wet chemical approach. The Ag@TiO2 modified nanopigments were in the form of nanorods with an average size of about 20 nm as observed from TEM images. Increasing Ag content from 0.01 to 1.0% showed an increase in the mechanical properties of coated paper in terms of tensile, stretching, tensile energy absorption and burst while preserving the optical properties. Moreover, the antimicrobial inhibition activity increased with increasing the Ag content. The 1% Ag@TiO2 showed a long-lasting antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Gram-positive bacteria even after 25 years of ageing (93.4% inhibition). Investigation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and reaction mechanism of antimicrobial activity over Ag/TiO2 under visible light is proposed. These results suggest that Ag/TiO2 NPs can be potentially used as a disinfection coating for paper and improving its mechanical properties. Graphical abstract

Polyetheretherketone/Nano‐Ag‐TiO2 composite with mechanical properties and antibacterial activity

“…Under the action of external forces, the agglomeration of Nano‐Ag‐TiO 2 makes the interface with PEEK a source of fracture, causing an increase in the degree of matrix deformation, which is directly reflected in a significant decrease in the mechanical properties 50 . The addition of Nano‐Ag‐TiO 2 improved the mechanical strength of the material, and this result is consistent with the reported literature 51 …”

“…50 The addition of Nano-Ag-TiO 2 improved the mechanical strength of the material, and this result is consistent with the reported literature. 51 According to previous studies, Nano-Ag-TiO 2 exhibited significant antibacterial activity. 52,53 As a new inorganic antimicrobial agent with good development prospects, Nano-Ag-TiO 2 antimicrobial agents can exhibit strong antimicrobial performance under no-light conditions, are not easy to change color, have good stability, and have long-lasting antimicrobial effects.…”

Preparation and properties of antibacterial biomaterial PAA/TiO2/Ag

“…The antibacterial properties of the composites may be due to the release of TiO 2 and Ag NPs from the surface/interior of the materials, and TiO 2 and Ag nanoparticles interact with H 2 O to form reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage the cell walls and membranes of bacteria. 43 In the present study, the mean size of TiO 2 /Ag NPs is approximately 30 nm, which is different from the size required to penetrate cell walls and damage bacteria. The antibacterial properties of the prepared nanocomposites against S. aureus was stronger than that against E. coli, which can be attributed to the fact that E. coli has more lipopolysaccharide (LPS) components in its cell wall, forming a strong cell wall barrier, while S. aureus only has a small amount of LPS in its cell wall.…”

Ultraviolet-Induced Gas Sensing Performance of Ag/WO3/rGO Nanocomposites for H2S Gas Sensors

“…The XPS spectra of the Ag 3d nuclear energy level are shown in Figure . The Ag 3d spectra can be divided into two peaks with binding energies of 367.5 and 373.6 eV for Ag 3d 5/2 and Ag 3d 3/2 , respectively Figure b gives the XPS spectra of the W 4f core level.…”

“…The Ag 3d spectra can be divided into two peaks with binding energies of 367.5 and 373.6 eV for Ag 3d 5/2 and Ag 3d 3/2 , respectively. 36 Figure 6b gives the XPS spectra of the W 4f core level. The W 4f spectra can also be divided into two peaks.…”