“…Disorientation is one of the most cited problems in hypermedia systems (Rivera-Nivar & Pomales-García, 2010;Amadieu, Tricot & Mariné, 2010;Oostendrop, Madrid & Melguizo, 2009;Webster & Ahuja, 2006;Chen, 2002;McDonald & Stevenson 1998;Dias & Sousa, 1997;Ahuja & Webster, 2001) which results learners can miss at least some of the relevant content in the system and so, may hinder their learning performance (Mitchell, Chen, & Macredie, 2005). Many researchers suggested that navigational advice would help to reduce this problem (Ruttun & Macredie, 2012;Chen, 2002;Brusilovsky, 1998;de La Passardiere &Dufresne, 1992;Jonassen, 1992;Costa Pereira et al, 1991), however, there were only a few empirical evidence in the literature which focused on the effects of link annotations on users' disorientation (Juvina and Herder, 2005).…”