Enhancing the dielectric, electrocaloric and energy storage properties of lead-free Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics prepared via sol-gel process

Electrocaloric effect and high energy storage efficiency in lead-free Ba0.95Ca0.05Ti0.89Sn0.11O3 ceramic elaborated by sol–gel method

“…The deconvoluted peaks between 2θ ≈ 44-46° and 2θ ≈65-66° indicate the coexistence of tetragonal and orthorhombic phases (inset Fig. 3a) as reported by Mezzourh et al [31]. The crystallite size was determined using Scherrer's formula [31] and found to be 33.207 nm.…”

“…3a) as reported by Mezzourh et al [31]. The crystallite size was determined using Scherrer's formula [31] and found to be 33.207 nm. The crystal structure parameters and the quality-of-fit measure (χ 2 ) extracted from the Rietveld refinements are shown in Table 1.…”

“…with almost the same grain size (32µm) [41]. Meanwhile, by the same synthesis method we used, Mezzourh et al found a recovered energy density of 10.4 mJ cm -3 and storage efficiency of 59.9 % under 8.75 kV cm -1 in Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramic [31]. Furthermore, our previous work showed that BCZT ceramic achieved at 300K an energy storage density of 367.2 mJ cm -3 at 60 kV cm -1 [22].…”

Improved energy storage and electrocaloric properties of lead-free Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramic

“…The coexistence of orthorhombic and tetragonal phases indicates the formation of BCZT ceramic at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). The coexistence of tetragonal and orthorhombic phases at room temperature was also reported in many reports [16], [28]. The data of XRD was analyzed by Rietveld refinement, which was achieved by using a combination of tetragonal symmetry with space group P4mm and orthorhombic symmetry with space group Pmm2 (χ 2 =1.86, Rp=17.1 and Rwp=13.5).…”

“…In this regard, Wang et al reported that Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0. 1Ti0.9O3 ceramics exhibit a high spontaneous polarization (Ps=9.69 µC/cm 2 ), a low coercive field (Ec =1.89 kV/cm) and a high dielectric permittivity (εr'=16310) [16]. In addition, due to low remnant polarization, high maximal polarization, and adjustable breakdown strength (BDS), relaxor ferroelectrics (RFEs), including BCZT, have a promising future in the field of dielectric energy, and their electric polarization response can be converted into recoverable electrostatic energy.…”