Enhancing the hydrophobicity of mangrove bark by esterification for oil adsorption

Abstract

Oil spills generally cause worldwide concern due to their detrimental effects on the environment and the economy. An assortment of commercial systems has been developed to control these spills, including the use of agricultural wastes as sorbents. This work deals with raw and modified mangrove barks (Rhizophora apiculata), an industrial lignocellulosic waste, as a low cost adsorbent for oil-product-spill cleanup in the aquatic environment. Mangrove bark was modified using fatty acids (oleic acid and palmitic acid) to improve its adsorption capacity. The oil sorption capacity of the modified bark was studied and compared with that of the raw bark. Kinetic tests were conducted with a series of contact times. The influence of particle size, oil dosage, pH and temperature on oil sorption capacity was investigated. The results showed that oleic acid treated bark has a higher sorption capacity (2,860.00 ± 2.00 mg/g) than untreated bark for Tapis crude oil. A correlation between surface functional groups, morphology and surface area of the adsorbent was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrum, field emission scanning electron microscopy images and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Isotherm study was conducted using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The result showed that adsorption of crude oil on treated mangrove bark could be best described by the Langmuir model.

Acetylation of corn silk and its application for oil sorption

“…Common methods used to remove oil from water involve booms, skimmers, dispersants, and sorbents, etc. Use of sorbents is getting more attention in recent years due to effectiveness of the method in removing oil from water [1]. Synthetic sorbents such as polypropylene and polyurethane are commercially used for oil recovery.…”

“…Fortunately, this defect can be changed by chemical modification. Numerous researchers have made significant modifications of natural sorbents to improve their sorption capacity [12][13][14]. Chemical reagents such as ester and anhydrides are employed to modify the cellulosic materials based on the fact that ester (C=O) and acetyl (C-O) group have higher hydrophobicity than the hydroxyl group (-OH).…”

Adsorption of Heavy Metals and Residual Oil From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Novel Adsorbent of Alginate and Mangrove Composite Beads Coated by Chitosan in a Packed Bed Column

“…2, it can be seen that the main peak was at the wave number of 3395.96 cm -1 , which refers to a hydroxyl group. This group was present in the mangrove bark, alginate, and chitosan [16,[24][25]. The wave number 1642.59 cm -1 refers to a carboxyl group, which was present in the alginate [26].…”

A Review on Phytoremediation of Crude Oil Spills

“…They can be classified into inorganic minerals (e.g., clay, zeolites, silica gel), synthetic organics (e.g., polyurethane and polypropylene), and agricultural products (e.g., straw, mangrove barks, kenaf) ( Al-Majed et al 2012;Asadpour et al 2014). Both inorganic minerals and synthetic organic products have high sorption capacity, but they have low retention capacity and low decomposition, respectively.…”