Enhancing the interfacial carrier dynamic in perovskite solar cells with an ultra-thin single-crystalline nanograss-like TiO₂ electron transport layer

Abstract

<p>Single crystalline, ultrathin TiO₂ nanograss grown directly on ITO provides a highly efficient interfacial charge transfer in perovskite solar cells.</p>

Photoelectrical Dynamics Uplift in Perovskite Solar Cells by Atoms Thick 2D TiS2 Layer Passivation of TiO2 Nanograss Electron Transport Layer

“…The top-view and cross-sectional morphologies of the 2D TiS 2 –TiO 2 NG on the ITO substrate are shown in Figure A,B. As revealed in the figure, the 2D TiS 2 –TiO 2 NG is a nanostructure that is oriented vertically with a grass-like structure, as reported by our previous work. , The TiO 2 NG has sharp tip spikes, which is an archetypal high-energy site with high electron density concentrations, for a massive exciton dissociation. , The cross-section analysis (Figure B) reveals that the length of the nanograss is approximately 65 nm. Parts C and D of Figure demonstrate the top and the side views of the pristine TiO 2 NG for comparison.…”

“…The 2D TiS 2 layer modified TiO 2 nanograss (NG) ETL was prepared using a two step method. The first step was the growth of the TiO 2 NG directly on the indium tin oxide (ITO) surface by using a modified liquid phase deposition (LPD) method as described by our previous report. , Briefly, for the growth of the TiO 2 NG, a 12 mL growth solution containing 0.1 M ammonium hexafluoro titanate ((NH 4 ) 2 TiF 6 ) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, US), 0.2 M boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, US), and 0.05 M hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, US) with a volume ratio of 1:1:0.4 was first prepared. After that, a pair of precleaned substrates clamped together with the ITO faces facing outward were immersed and hung into the growth solution.…”

“…It is undeniable that the perovskite active layer photoelectrical properties are the main heart to the performance of PSCs, which are effortlessly adjustable via metal, cation, and anion sublattices modification . Despite the fact that the immense range of photoelectrical properties the perovskite has had contributed to such an advancement, the critical drawback related to the deficiency on the photoelectrical dynamic at the perovskite–electron transport layer (ETL) interface has not yet been fully resolved . The perovskite’s PCE can be further expanded to some extent when a highly active photoelectrical dynamic at the interface is realized.…”

“…3 Despite the fact that the immense range of photoelectrical properties the perovskite has had contributed to such an advancement, the critical drawback related to the deficiency on the photoelectrical dynamic at the perovskite−electron transport layer (ETL) interface has not yet been fully resolved. 4 The perovskite's PCE can be further expanded to some extent when a highly active photoelectrical dynamic at the interface is realized.…”

Fast Light-Cured TiO2 Layers for Low-Cost Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Several materials such as SnO 2 , − ZnO, − CdS, (Ba,Sr)­SnO 3 , and TiO 2 , with different structures, surface treatments, doping methods, and deposition methods have already been used in planar and mesoporous n-i-p perovskite solar cells since 2012. Nevertheless, the bilayer compact/mesoporous TiO 2 layer has been proven as a promising ETL to fabricate high-efficiency stable PSCs.…”