Enhancing the mechanical performance of additive manufactured polymer components using atmospheric plasma pre‐treatments

Abourayana, Hisham M.; Dobbyn, Peter; Dowling, Denis P.

doi:10.1002/ppap.201700141

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), can be used to print a range of metallic, polymer and composite parts with complex geometries and great design flexibility, while minimising processing waste [ 1 , 2 ]. Applications of this processing technology have included parts fabricated for use in the biomedical, automotive and aerospace sectors [ 3 ]. Three-dimensional printing was first introduced during the early 1980s, using the process of stereolithography, in which UV lasers are used to cure layers of polymer into 3D shapes [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using Fused Filament Fabrication—A Review

2020

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been successfully applied for the fabrication of polymer components ranging from prototypes to final products. An issue, however, is that the resulting 3D printed parts exhibit inferior mechanical performance to parts fabricated using conventional polymer processing technologies, such as compression moulding. The addition of fibres and other materials into the polymer matrix to form a composite can yield a significant enhancement in the structural strength of printed polymer parts. This review focuses on the enhanced mechanical performance obtained through the printing of fibre-reinforced polymer composites, using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique. The uses of both short and continuous fibre-reinforced polymer composites are reviewed. Finally, examples of some applications of FFF printed polymer composites using robotic processes are highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using Fused Filament Fabrication—A Review

2020

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“…Plasma treatments are promising techniques that enable rapid and chemical-free surface modifications [ 13 ]. Treatments of polymeric substrates with non-thermal plasma discharges in air increase the surface free energy and improve surface wettability, which is crucial for bonding with liquid water-based adhesives, thus improving the tensile strength of the adhesive bonds [ 11 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other plasma applications regarding ABS substrates include plasma-deposition of nickel [ 42 ], copper [ 43 ], increasing the mechanical properties of FDM 3D-printed specimens [ 15 , 16 , 44 ], ABS nanocomposite synthesis [ 45 ], and even the 3D printing of ABS-based plasma probes [ 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sanding and Plasma Treatment of 3D-Printed Parts on Bonding to Wood with PVAc Adhesive

et al. 2021

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Additive manufacturing is becoming increasingly important for manufacturing end products, not just prototyping. However, the size of 3D-printed products is limited due to available printer sizes and other technological limitations. For example, making furniture from 3D-printed parts and wooden elements requires adequate adhesive joints. Since materials for 3D printing usually do not bond very well with adhesives designed for woodworking, they require special surface preparation to improve adhesion. In this study, fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D-printed parts made of polylactic acid (PLA), polylactic acid with wood flour additive (Wood-PLA), and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymers were bonded to wood with polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive. The surfaces of the samples were bonded as either non-treated, sanded, plasma treated, or sanded and plasma treated to evaluate the effect of each surface preparation on the bondability of the 3D-printed surfaces. Different surface preparations affected the bond shear strength in different ways. The plasma treatment significantly reduced water contact angles on all tested printing materials and increased the bond tensile shear strength of the adhesive used. The increase in bond strength was highest for the surfaces that had been both sanded and plasma treated. The highest increase was found for the ABS material (untreated 0.05 MPa; sanded and plasma treated 4.83 MPa) followed by Wood-PLA (from 0.45 MPa to 3.96 MPa) and PLA (from 0.55 MPa to 3.72 MPa). Analysis with a scanning electron microscope showed the smooth surfaces of the 3D-printed parts, which became rougher with sanding with more protruded particles, but plasma treatment partially melted the surface structures on the thermoplastic polymer surfaces.

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“…There are also approaches, introducing certain pre-or post-processing. In [45] plasma treating is utilized for activation of pellets before the filament extrusion. Reference [46] studies the influence of ionizing radiation on printed sample strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desktop Fabrication of Strong Poly (Lactic Acid) Parts: FFF Process Parameters Tuning

Ve¹,

Tavitov²,

Urzhumtcev³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Current study aims to evaluate the possibilities to increase part strength by optimizing the FFF process parameters. Five different CAD models of parts with same coupling dimensions but different shape inherited from a recent study were converted into test samples with Ultimaker 2 3D printer. The main measure of success was the sample strength, defined as the load at which the first crack in the stressed area of the part appeared. Three different modifications to the FFF process with verified positive effect on interlayer bonding were applied. First modification included raising the extrusion temperature and disabling printed part cooling. Second modification consisted in reduction of the layer thickness. Third modification combined the effects of the first and the second ones. For four out of five shapes tested applied process modifications resulted in significant strengthening of the part. The shape that exhibited the best results was subject to further research by creating special printing mode. The mode included fine-tuning of three technological parameters on different stages of the part fabrication. As result it was possible to increase the part strength by 108% only by tuning printing parameters of the best shape designed with increasing its weight by 8%.

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Enhancing the mechanical performance of additive manufactured polymer components using atmospheric plasma pre‐treatments

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

3D Printing of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using Fused Filament Fabrication—A Review

3D Printing of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using Fused Filament Fabrication—A Review

Effect of Sanding and Plasma Treatment of 3D-Printed Parts on Bonding to Wood with PVAc Adhesive

Desktop Fabrication of Strong Poly (Lactic Acid) Parts: FFF Process Parameters Tuning

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