Enhancing the solvent-dendrimer miscibility at the interface and its impact on the thin film composite membrane

Constructing highly rough skin layer of thin film (nano)composite polyamide membranes to enhance separation performance: A review

“…The reactive monomers polymerize in the microdomain, which widens the reaction site and forms a wider PA film. Commonly used organic solvents added to the organic phase are acetone (AC), 26,[49][50][51][52][53] propanone, butanone, 54 ethyl acetate, 53 diethyl ether, toluene, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and N,N 0 -dimethyl formamide (DMF) 26 in hexane, AC, ethyl acetate, and diethyl ether in dodecane, 55 and diethyl ether or ethyl acetate in heptane. 56 And some so-solvents including DMSO, 47,57 methanol, 50 alcohols 58 and dimethyl sulfoxide 47,59 were added into aqueous phase.…”

An acid-stable positively charged polysulfonamide nanofiltration membrane prepared by interfacial polymerization of polyallylamine and 1,3-benzenedisulfonyl chloride for water treatment

“…Furthermore, PEI has lower reactivity with TMC than EDA and DETA, and thus the surfaces of the newly produced PA membrane had many unreacted amine groups that provided positively charged sites. In addition to PEI, 1,20,21 other macromolecular amines are available as monomers for aqueous-phase reactions, including polyamidoamine (PAMAM), 22,23 polyvinylamine (PVAm), 24,25 amino-functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG) 26 and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGH). 27 These can be used to prepare positively charged NF membranes, which all exhibit rejection of Mg 2+ of greater than 90%.…”