Enhancing the Surface Sensitivity and Selectivity: Functionalization of Carbon Nanomaterials

Blondeau, Pascal

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08648-4_4

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 59 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, by controlling morphologies, nanostructures, and even heterostructures of sensing materials, especially at the nanoscale, chemical sensing mechanisms and sensing properties (i.e., sensitivity and selectivity) of these materials can further be modulated to introduce new physical phenomena, such as enhanced photochemical activity, hot carrier injection, and photothermal effect induced through local surface plasmon resonance (Park et al, 2009;Ab Kadir et al, 2014;Luna et al, 2019). Furthermore, the different chemical, physical, and material properties of these sensing materials have been exploited to enable various chemical functionalization/ modification strategies to systematically impart secondary chemical and physical behaviors (Blondeau, 2015;Schroeder et al, 2019b). For example, integration of photoactive materials (e.g., metal nanoparticles, macrocyclic dye molecules, etc.)…”

Section: Types Of Artificial Noses Based On Nanoengineered Materials ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoengineering Approaches Toward Artificial Nose

Kim

Brady

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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Significant scientific efforts have been made to mimic and potentially supersede the mammalian nose using artificial noses based on arrays of individual cross-sensitive gas sensors over the past couple decades. To this end, thousands of research articles have been published regarding the design of gas sensor arrays to function as artificial noses. Nanoengineered materials possessing high surface area for enhanced reaction kinetics and uniquely tunable optical, electronic, and optoelectronic properties have been extensively used as gas sensing materials in single gas sensors and sensor arrays. Therefore, nanoengineered materials address some of the shortcomings in sensitivity and selectivity inherent in microscale and macroscale materials for chemical sensors. In this article, the fundamental gas sensing mechanisms are briefly reviewed for each material class and sensing modality (electrical, optical, optoelectronic), followed by a survey and review of the various strategies for engineering or functionalizing these nanomaterials to improve their gas sensing selectivity, sensitivity and other measures of gas sensing performance. Specifically, one major focus of this review is on nanoscale materials and nanoengineering approaches for semiconducting metal oxides, transition metal dichalcogenides, carbonaceous nanomaterials, conducting polymers, and others as used in single gas sensors or sensor arrays for electrical sensing modality. Additionally, this review discusses the various nano-enabled techniques and materials of optical gas detection modality, including photonic crystals, surface plasmonic sensing, and nanoscale waveguides. Strategies for improving or tuning the sensitivity and selectivity of materials toward different gases are given priority due to the importance of having cross-sensitivity and selectivity toward various analytes in designing an effective artificial nose. Furthermore, optoelectrical sensing, which has to date not served as a common sensing modality, is also reviewed to highlight potential research directions. We close with some perspective on the future development of artificial noses which utilize optical and electrical sensing modalities, with additional focus on the less researched optoelectronic sensing modality.

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Section: Types Of Artificial Noses Based On Nanoengineered Materials ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoengineering Approaches Toward Artificial Nose

Kim

Brady

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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Carbon Nanotube Based Gas Sensors toward Breath Analysis

Ellis

Star

2016

ChemPlusChem

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Breath analysis is a promising method for rapid, inexpensive, noninvasive disease diagnosis and health monitoring owing to the correlative relationship between breath biomarker concentrations and abnormal health conditions. However, current methods to identify and quantify breath components rely on large, bench‐top analytical instruments. Carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based gas sensors are desirable candidates to replace benchtop instruments because of their sensitive chemical‐to‐electrical transducer capability, high degree of chemical functionality options, and potential for miniaturization. This review seeks to give an overview of the synthetic methods used to functionalize CNT‐based gas sensors, specifically those sensors that target biologically relevant breath markers. Specific examples are provided to highlight the sensing mechanisms behind different classes of CNT hybrid composites. Finally, the current challenges and prospective solutions of applying CNT‐based sensors to breath analysis are discussed.

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