With the development of hypersonic vehicles technology, ceramic based radome materials are highly demanded due to their high operating temperatures, good dielectric properties, and high mechanical properties. Although α-SiAlON is an ideal material for radome application, its intrinsic low transmittance and high thermal conductivity limit its application. Herein, we prepared Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics through tert-butanol gel-casting using self-synthesised α-SiAlON powder. Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics exhibited a uniform micron-level connected pore structure with a porosity of 44.2%-58.6%. The real part of permittivity was 3.13-4.18 (8.2-12.4 GHz), which decreased significantly with increasing porosity. The wave transmittance of the sample with a porosity of 58.6% could exceed 80% in the thickness range of 6-10 mm. The thermal conductivity maintained at a low level of 1.38-2.25 W•m -1 •K -1 owing to the introduction of the pore structure. The flexural strength was 44.75-88.33 MPa, which may be increased by rod-like α-SiAlON grains. The results indicate that the prepared Y-α-SiAlON porous ceramics meet the requirements of high-temperature wave-transmitting materials for radome application.