Enhancing the thermal stability of natural rubber/recycled ethylene propylene diene rubber blends through the use of bio‐compatibilizers

Hayeemasae, Nabil; Ismail, Hanafi

doi:10.1002/vnl.21674

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…NR and EPDM were also tested as the reference samples. [ 37 ] A one‐stage pyrolysis pathway could be observed from all the TGA curves which are shifted to higher decomposition temperatures as the saturation degree increases. The value of initial decomposition temperature ( T id ) and the final decomposition temperature ( T f ) was identified from the intersection of two tangents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The kinetic models analyses of hydrogenated natural rubber during non‐isothermal degradation process

Lang

Tang

Han

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Hydrogenated natural rubber (HNR) was prepared by diimide reduction of natural rubber (NR) latex and characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR and TG‐DTG. The thermal degradation kinetic models of HNR were studied under a nitrogen atmosphere by TG‐DTG. Achar and Coats–Redfern methods were used to study the non‐isothermal kinetics models change during the thermal degradation process of NR after hydrogenation. The results indicated that HNR with 34.69% and 63.74% hydrogenation degree were prepared. A one‐stage pyrolysis pathway could be observed from all the TGA curves which were shifted to higher degradation temperatures with the rise of saturation degree. The similar activation energies obtained by both Coats–Redfern and Achar methods confirmed that the kinetics calculation was accurate. The results showed the best‐fit models of the samples with the highest regression coefficient values (R2 > 0.90) were chemical reaction models. The reaction order was three (N3) in NR case and the corresponding mechanism functions were g(α) = [(1‐α)−2–1]/2, f(α) = (1‐α)3. The reaction order was two (N2) when it came to HNR with hydrogenation degree of 34.69%. The most probable mechanism functions were g(α) = (1‐α)−1–1, f(α) = (1‐α)2. As the degree of hydrogenation increased to 63.74%, the reaction order best‐fit changed to one (N1) which was proved to be the same as the ethylene‐propylene diene rubber samples. And the mechanism functions were g(α) = −ln(1‐α), f(α) = 1‐α. The thermal degradation models of polymers was closely related to the structure. And the structure effects affected the degradation behavior as well as the thermal properties of polymers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The kinetic models analyses of hydrogenated natural rubber during non‐isothermal degradation process

Lang

Tang

Han

et al. 2022

Vinyl Additive Technology

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“…The authors also calculated the kinetic parameters of the prepared composites that indicating the improved thermal properties. 14 Although aquaculture wastes contain valuable components, there are very few studies regarding the use of aquaculture wastes within rubber materials. In our previous study, we have reported the usage of the fish scales within EPDM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of blue crab Shell (Callinectes sapidus) particles as bio‐based filler to EPDM rubber

Akbay

Güngör

Özdemir

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The use of waste and biodegradable materials as alternative substitutes in different areas is supporting green production in recent years. The utilization of such materials is supporting an economical way, while an environmentally and friendly approach is increased sustainability. In this context, the replacement of carbon black, which is frequently used in the rubber industry but has many drawbacks, with waste and a biodegradable filling material has attracted the attention of researchers over the past decades. In this study, ethylene propylene diene termonomer (EPDM) and EPDM with different blue crab shell (BCS) incorporated into rubber matrix were produced. The effect of carbon black and BCS content within the EPDM matrix on the rheological, mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties were investigated. The rheological analysis revealed that BCS added to the EPDM matrix enhanced the vulcanization parameters. Moreover, the addition of BCS into the EPDM matrix up to 12 phr increased the value of T 50 temperature, tensile strength, and crosslinking density of composite material. In conclusion, it was revealed that BCS could be used as an alternative filling material in rubber industry, such biodegradable and bio-based materials could become an important substitute with the economic and environmental benefits.

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“…Therefore, it is of great significance to add antioxidant into the EPDM matrix to improve its long‐term service ability. The commonly used antioxidant types are amine‐containing antioxidants, including 2‐sulfur‐benzimidazole (MB), N‐isopropyl‐N’‐phenyl‐ρ‐phenylenediamine (4010NA), N‐cyclohexyl‐benzothiazyl‐sulfenamide (CBS), poly‐2,2,4‐trimethyl‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline (RD) and 4,4′‐bis(α, α‐dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine (445) . For polymers, the essence of antioxidants is to prevent the degradation by trapping free radicals formed during oxidation process and thus to stop the attack of free radicals on macromolecular chains .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effects of Amine‐Containing Antioxidants on the Aging Performances of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber

Li¹,

Zhou²,

Cao³

et al. 2020

ChemistrySelect

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In this study, two types of amine-containing antioxidants composed of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole zinc (MBZ) and 4,4'-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine (445) were used to improve the thermo-oxidative aging resistance of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). The synergistic effects on the performances of EPDM and the corresponding aging mechanism were investigated by FTIR, tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rotary rheometer and other equipment. The results showed that the hardness increased gradually with the increasing aging time regardless of the type of antioxidants. Compared with the EPDM without antioxidants, the elongation retention of those samples with MBZ or 445 improved obviously. Additionally, the sample with the MBZ/445 complex showed the highest retention values at the same aging time. The antioxidative mechanisms were further analyzed by carbonyl index, activation energy and oxidation induction time, respectively. Results indicated that the degree of oxidation of EPDM using the MBZ/445 complex was much lower than other control systems during the aging process. As a result, the MBZ/445 complex was a favorable antioxidative additive for EPDM.[a] Dr.

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Enhancing the thermal stability of natural rubber/recycled ethylene propylene diene rubber blends through the use of bio‐compatibilizers

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

The kinetic models analyses of hydrogenated natural rubber during non‐isothermal degradation process

The kinetic models analyses of hydrogenated natural rubber during non‐isothermal degradation process

Assessment of blue crab Shell (Callinectes sapidus) particles as bio‐based filler to EPDM rubber

Synergistic Effects of Amine‐Containing Antioxidants on the Aging Performances of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber

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