Enhancing Water Productivity Through On‐Farm Water Management

Alam, Mohammad Faiz; Mandave, Vidya; Sikka, A. K.; Sharma, Nayan

doi:10.1002/9781119564522.ch7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The vulnerability of the agriculture sector is high in India with large part of the country under arid and semi-arid climate and half of the cropped area being rainfed (Sikka et al, 2022;Alam et al, 2021). Saurashtra region with low and highly variable rainfall faces frequent droughts and associated production losses (Alam et al, 2022c).…”

Section: Agricultural Water Management Interventions In the Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsidies alone are not enough to increase adoption of agricultural water management interventions

Alam,

McClain,

Sikka

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The adoption of agricultural water interventions for climate change adaptation has been slow and limited despite their established efficacy and benefits. While several studies have identified socio-economic, biophysical, technological and institutional factors that influence adoption, psychological factors have often been overlooked. This study examines the socio-economic and psychological factors, using RANAS behavioral model, that influence the adoption of agricultural water interventions in the semi-arid region of Saurashtra in India. Two contrasting and dominating agricultural water interventions in the area: drip irrigation and borewells are evaluated. Despite subsidies being available for drip irrigation systems, the adoption rate remains low (~16% adopting rate) compared to borewells (~ 24.5% adoption) with no subsidies reflecting farmer’s preference for supply augmentation measures over demand management. Incorporating psychological factors in the analysis improved the explanatory power of the logistic model by almost threefold, underscoring the significance of psychological factors in explaining farmers' adoption decisions. Based on the logistic model, major factors determining farmers adoption behaviour identified are farmer’s perceived ability, risk preference and positive beliefs about the technologies along with socio-economic (e.g., land size) and biophysical factors (e.g., proximity to water). The study recommends a multi-pronged approach to increase the adoption of interventions, including augmenting subsidies with efforts on extension services, post-adoption services, training, and awareness campaigns to build farmers' capacity and raise awareness.

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Section: Agricultural Water Management Interventions In the Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsidies alone are not enough to increase adoption of agricultural water management interventions

Alam,

McClain,

Sikka

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…[30,31]. Thus, the optimization of WP in agriculture allows growing more food with less water, aiming to meet the goals of food security while better using the water resources, particularly in a climate change context due to the expected increase in water scarcity [20,32,33].…”

Section: Irrigation Water Productivity and Irrigation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percolation in channels (P erc ) is estimated from seepage tests due to the variety of conditions that one can encounter in channels. Among the various methods used to estimate canal seepage, ponding tests have been proven to be a method capable of producing results with a higher accuracy level [33,223,224]. Loureiro et al [97] present values for water losses by percolation of 25 L m −2 day −1 and 50 L m −2 day −1 for irrigation channels in good and bad conditions, respectively.…”

Section: The Estimation Of Nonbeneficial Uses In the Conveyance And D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodologies for Water Accounting at the Collective Irrigation System Scale Aiming at Optimizing Water Productivity

et al. 2023

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To improve water use efficiency and productivity, particularly in irrigated areas, reliable water accounting methodologies are essential, as they provide information on the status and trends in irrigation water availability/supply and consumption/demand. At the collective irrigation system level, irrigation water accounting (IWA) relies on the quantification of water fluxes from the diversion point to the plants, at both the conveyance and distribution network and the irrigated field level. Direct measurement is the most accurate method for IWA, but in most cases, there is limited metering of irrigation water despite the increasing pressure on both groundwater and surface water resources, hindering the water accounting procedures. However, various methodologies, tools, and indicators have been developed to estimate the IWA components, depending on the scale and the level of detail being considered. Another setback for the wide implementation of IWA is the vast terminology used in the literature for different scales and levels of application. Thus, the main objectives of this review, which focuses on IWA for collective irrigation services, are to (i) demonstrate the importance of IWA by showing its relationship with water productivity and water use efficiency; (ii) clarify the concepts and terminology related to IWA; and (iii) provide an overview of various approaches to obtain reliable data for the IWA, on the demand side, both at the distribution network and on-farm systems. From the review, it can be concluded that there is a need for reliable IWA, which provides a common information base for all stakeholders. Future work could include the development of user-friendly tools and methodologies to reduce the bridge between the technology available to collect and process the information on the various water accounting components and its effective use by stakeholders.

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“…While more water will be required to meet future food demand, its availability is constrained by frequent water shortages, resource degradation, the variability of climate change, increasing population growth, and increasing competition for water from other sectors (Amarasinghe et al, 2010, 2021). This will require increasing water productivity, meaning “more crop or value per drop of water” for which there is large potential globally and in India (Alam et al, 2021; Amarasinghe et al, 2010; Sharma et al, 2018). This is critical in India, which is marred by low irrigation efficiencies and low water productivity (Sharma et al, 2018).…”

Section: India's Irrigation Growth Trajectorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural water management practices to improve the climate resilience of irrigated agriculture in India

Sikka

Alam

Mandave

2022

Irrigation and Drainage

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The projected implications of climate change for water and agriculture to meet diverse and competitive water demands requires smart water management solutions. Science-and evidence-based, agricultural water management (AWM) can significantly contribute to reduce unsustainable water use and help enhance water resilience and adaptation to climate change. This paper presents a brief overview of potential AWM practices focusing on enhancing water resilience, increasing yields, and wherever possible, reducing emissions. This is achieved via increased land and water use efficiency, water and energy savings, and improved water productivity with considerable scope to improve agricultural resilience. In this context, the prioritization of a location-specific portfolio of smart AWM practices to make the right investment decisions is very important. We present two distinct and complementary approaches to prioritize AWM practices in this paper: one follows stakeholder analysis to build a prioritized portfolio of climate-smart AWM practices and the other employs a simple water balance-based approach to prioritize interventions. The way forward in mainstreaming and scaling out context-specific climate-smart AWM interventions is also discussed with a focus on capacity building, water management extension services, and the mobilization of resources through the convergence of institutions and co-financing from relevant development schemes. K E Y W O R D Sagricultural water management, climate resilience, climate-smart agricultural water management practices, convergence, irrigation RésuméLes implications prévues du changement climatique pour l'eau et l'agriculture pour répondre à des demandes en eau diverses et compétitives nécessitent des solutions intelligentes de gestion de l'eau. La gestion de l'eau agricole, fondée sur des données scientifiques et factuelles, peut contribuer de manière significative à réduire l'utilisation non durable de l'eau et aider à renforcer la résilience de l'eau et l'adaptation au changement climatique. Ce document présente un bref aperçu des pratiques potentielles de gestion de l'eau agricole Article title in French: Pratiques de gestion de l'eau agricole pour améliorer la résilience climatique de l'agriculture irriguée en Inde

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Enhancing Water Productivity Through On‐Farm Water Management

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Subsidies alone are not enough to increase adoption of agricultural water management interventions

Subsidies alone are not enough to increase adoption of agricultural water management interventions

Methodologies for Water Accounting at the Collective Irrigation System Scale Aiming at Optimizing Water Productivity

Agricultural water management practices to improve the climate resilience of irrigated agriculture in India

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