Enigma of Pyramidal Neurons: Chirality-Centric View on Biological Evolution. Congruence to Molecular, Cellular, Physiological, Cognitive, and Psychological Functions

Dyakin, Victor Vasilyevich; Dyakina-Fagnano, Nika Viktorovna

doi:10.3390/sym16030355

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 264 publications

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“…We conclude that the study of time evolution of symmetry of scripts supplies valuable information about their functioning as graphical systems and origin. Study of the symmetry of the different patterns (physical or biological) may serve as the Ariadne Thread enabling understanding of their time evolution [41]. And this is also true for the graphical patterns/scripts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry

Gilevich,

Frenkel,

Shoval

et al. 2024

Symmetry

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We investigated the time evolution of the symmetry of symbols constituting alphabets rooted in the Phoenician script. A diversity of quantitative measures of symmetry of graphemes appearing in Phoenician, Western Greek, Etruscan from Marsiliana, Archaic Etruscan, Neo-Etruscan, Euclidian Greek, Archaic and Classical Latin and Proto-Hebrew scripts, constituting the Phoenician script family, were calculated. The same measures were established for the Hebrew/Ashurit and English scripts. The Shannon-like measures of symmetry were computed. The Shannon diversity index was calculated. Our findings indicate that the Shannon diversity index increased with time in a monotonic way for the studied scripts. The diversity of symmetry groups inherent for addressed alphabets grows with time. We also introduced the symmetry factor of the alphabet. The symmetry factor quantifies the averaged level of symmetrization of the alphabet and the possible parsimony of graphical information necessary for the drawing of the entire set of graphemes constituting the alphabet. We found that the symmetry factor is decreased with time for the alphabets rooted in the Phoenician script. This means that the average level of symmetrization of the studied alphabet increases with time. The parsimony of graphical information necessary for writing graphemes is consequently increased with time. The values of the symmetry factor calculated for the addressed scripts are close to one another, with the pronounced exception of the Hebrew/Ashurit script. Our study supplies the arguments for the point of view, according to which the modern Hebrew/Ashurit script did not emerge from the Phoenician one.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry

Gilevich,

Frenkel,

Shoval

et al. 2024

Symmetry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry

Gilevich,

Frenkel,

Shoval

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Time evolution of the symmetry of symbols constituting alphabets rooted in the Phoenician script was investigated. A diversity of quantitative measures of symmetry of graphemes appearing in Phoenician, Western Greek, Etruscan from Marsiliana, Archaic Etruscan, Neo-Etruscan, Euclidian Greek, Archaic and Classical Latin, and Proto-Hebrew scripts, constituting the Phoenician script family, were calculated. The same measures were calculated for the Hebrew/Ashurit and English scripts. The Shannon-like measures of symmetry were calculated. The Shannon diversity index was calculated. The Shannon diversity index increased with time in a monotonic way for the scripts emerging from the Phoenician one. The diversity of symmetry groups inherent for alphabets emerging from the Phoenician one grows with time. We also introduced the symmetry factor of the alphabet. The symmetry factor quantifies the averaged level of symmetrization of the alphabet and the possible parsimony of graphical information necessary for the drawing of the entire set of graphemes, constituting the alphabet. The symmetry factor is decreased with time for the alphabets rooted in the Phoenician one. This means that the average level of symmetrization of the studied alphabet is increased with time. The parsimony of graphical information necessary for writing graphemes is increased with time. The values of the symmetry factor calculated for the addressed scripts are close one to another, with the pronounced exception of the Hebrew/Ashurit script. Our study supplies the arguments for the point of view, according to which the modern Hebrew/Ashurit script does not emerge from the Phoenician one.

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Fractal Biology — Evolution from Molecular to Cognitive, and Psychological Dimensions

Dyakin

2024

Preprint

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Biological and artificial intelligence (BI and AI) share the fundamental principles of space-time information processing based on symmetry transformation. Therefore, cognitive-science-inspired AI represents a promising area of exploration. A convincing example are the fractal structure of human languages and protein assembly. Biological processes’ temporal and spatial plasticity links them to basic laws of physics. Continuous advances in fundamental physical theories allow understanding of all aspects of space-time symmetry (STS) natively intertwined with the principle of relativity and causality. Spatial aspects of symmetry represented by three sub-domains such as chirality, fractality, and topology, are widely studied in biology. The role of chirality in biology has been analyzed in several recent reviews. However, the fractals and topological states of biological structures is a relatively new and fast-developing branch of science. Here, we trace publications exploring the role of fractal symmetry in all hierarchical states of biological organization, including at the molecular, cellular, morphological, physiological, perceptual, cognitive, and psychological levels. The coverage of the above-listed areas in current studies is sharply unequal and unsystematic. A broad view of biological fractality opens a unique opportunity to discriminate between a healthy state and a wide range of disease conditions. Psychiatric, neurological, and immune disorders are associated with aberrant molecular assembly and morphological changes in neural circuits, suggesting that the chain of chirality/fractality transfer through all levels of physiological organization deserves persistent attention.

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Enigma of Pyramidal Neurons: Chirality-Centric View on Biological Evolution. Congruence to Molecular, Cellular, Physiological, Cognitive, and Psychological Functions

Cited by 4 publications

References 264 publications

Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry

Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry

Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry

Fractal Biology — Evolution from Molecular to Cognitive, and Psychological Dimensions

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