Enjoyment for High-Intensity Interval Exercise Increases during the First Six Weeks of Training: Implications for Promoting Exercise Adherence in Sedentary Adults

Heisz, Jennifer J.; Tejada, Mary Grace M.; Paolucci, Emily M.; Muir, Carlyn

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168534

Cited by 81 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…), but importantly enjoyment of HIT increases as participants progress through a training programme (Heisz et al . ). Therefore, unlike previous low‐volume HIT studies (Little et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This allowed participants to modify exercise sessions, choosing exercises that elicited the desired HR response, but were suitable for their level of mobility and fitness. In addition, recent studies have suggested that sedentary individuals report pleasant feelings during the first three of four bouts of low-volume HIT (Frazão et al 2016), but importantly enjoyment of HIT increases as participants progress through a training programme (Heisz et al 2016). Therefore, unlike previous low-volume HIT studies Tan et al 2018), the current intervention started with a low number of intervals and progressed training volume throughout (4 intervals during week 1-2 to 8 intervals during week 11-12).…”

Section: Myocyte Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home‐hit improves muscle capillarisation and eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio in obese individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease risk

Scott

Shepherd

Hopkins

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

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Key points Obesity and sedentary behaviour are associated with capillary rarefaction and impaired muscle microvascular vasoreactivity, due to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability. Low‐volume high‐intensity interval training (HIT) is a time‐efficient alternative to traditional moderate‐intensity continuous training (MICT), but its effect on the muscle microvasculature has not been studied. The applicability of current laboratory‐ and gym‐based HIT protocols for obese individuals with low fitness and mobility has been disputed by public health experts, who cite the strenuous nature and complex protocols as major barriers. Therefore, we developed a virtually supervised HIT protocol targeting this group that can be performed at home without equipment (Home‐HIT). This study is the first to show that 12 weeks of virtually supervised Home‐HIT in obese individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease risk leads to similar increases in capillarisation and eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio within the muscle microvascular endothelium as virtually supervised home‐based MICT and laboratory‐based HIT, while reducing many of the major barriers to exercise. Abstract This study investigated the effect of a novel virtually supervised home‐based high‐intensity interval training (HIT) (Home‐HIT) intervention in obese individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk on capillarisation and muscle microvascular eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase ratio. Thirty‐two adults with elevated CVD risk (age 36 ± 10 years; body mass index 34.3 ± 5 kg m−2; V̇O2 peak 24.6 ± 5.7 ml kg min−1), completed one of three 12‐week training programmes: Home‐HIT (n = 9), laboratory‐based supervised HIT (Lab‐HIT; n = 10) or virtually supervised home‐based moderate‐intensity continuous training (Home‐MICT; n = 13). Muscle biopsies were taken before and after training to assess changes in vascular enzymes, capillarisation, mitochondrial density, intramuscular triglyceride content and GLUT4 protein expression using quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy. Training increased V̇O2 peak (P < 0.001), whole‐body insulin sensitivity (P = 0.033) and flow‐mediated dilatation (P < 0.001), while aortic pulse wave velocity decreased (P < 0.001) in all three groups. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed comparable increases in total eNOS content in terminal arterioles and capillaries (P < 0.001) in the three conditions. There was no change in eNOS ser1177 phosphorylation (arterioles P = 0.802; capillaries P = 0.311), but eNOS ser1177/eNOS content ratio decreased significantly following training in arterioles and capillaries (P < 0.001). Training decreased NOX2 content (arterioles P < 0.001; capillaries P < 0.001), but there was no change in p47phox content (arterioles P = 0.101; capillaries P = 0.345). All measures of capillarisation increased (P < 0.05). There were no between‐group differences. Despite having no direct supervision during exercise, virtually supervised Home‐HIT resulted in comparable structural and endothelial enzymatic changes in the skeletal muscle mic...

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“…), but importantly enjoyment of HIT increases as participants progress through a training programme (Heisz et al . ). Therefore, unlike previous low‐volume HIT studies (Little et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Myocyte Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home‐hit improves muscle capillarisation and eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio in obese individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease risk

Scott

Shepherd

Hopkins

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may potentially be explained by our present finding that the affective responses to REHIT significantly improve during a training intervention. Indeed, enjoyment has been shown to increase progressively during 6 weeks of HIIT but remain constant during 6 weeks of MICT (Heisz, Tejada, Paolucci, & Muir, 2016). Alternatively, it is possible that shorter exposure duration (40 s for REHIT vs 30 min for MICT) may result in a preference for REHIT despite it being perceived as less enjoyable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective and perceptual responses during reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

Songsorn

Brick

Fitzpatrick

et al. 2019

International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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“…The finding that increasing exercise intensity has a negative effect on adherence is in accordance with an earlier review by Dishman et al, who concluded that high‐intensity activities may negatively influence behavior. However, these findings are contrary to the popular idea that HIIT may be a more viable, time‐efficient option to increase adherence to exercise . In interpreting these findings, it should be considered that while our primary meta‐analysis attempted to isolate the independent effect of intensity and time manipulation, HIIT training typically simultaneously increases intensity while decreasing time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The effects of manipulation of Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type (FITT) on exercise adherence: A meta‐analysis

et al. 2020

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This meta-analysis quantified the effect of FITT (frequency, intensity, time, and type) manipulation on exercise adherence. Databases were searched from inception to 09-2018. Manipulation of intensity resulted in a moderate, significant decrease in adherence (MD: −3.3, 95% CI: −6.1 to −0.5), and for the remaining FITT components, there were trivial-small, non-significant effects. When stratified by chronic disease status, for populations with chronic diseases increasing Intensity resulted in a moderate but non-significant decrease in adherence (MD: −3.6, 95% CI: −7.4, 0.3) and increasing time resulted in a small, significant decrease in exercise adherence (MD: −4.9, 95% CI: −9.4 to −0.4). Additionally, omission of a behavioral model resulted in a moderate but non-significant decrease in exercise adherence (MD: −4.0, CI: −8.3 to 0.2). For healthy populations, FITT manipulation and omission of behavioral model resulted in trivial-small, non-significant effects. In conclusion, manipulation of FITT and use of behavioral models may be of greater importance to exercise adherence in diseased population. In particular, increasing intensity and time and omitting a behavioral model may decrease adherence. The current meta-analysis elucidates gaps in the literature and can assist clinicians and clinical exercise physiologists in determining the importance of FITT manipulation to exercise adherence. K E Y W O R D S adherence, behavioral model, chronic disease, exercise prescription, physical activity | 223 BURNET ET al.

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Enjoyment for High-Intensity Interval Exercise Increases during the First Six Weeks of Training: Implications for Promoting Exercise Adherence in Sedentary Adults

Cited by 81 publications

References 23 publications

Home‐hit improves muscle capillarisation and eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio in obese individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease risk

Home‐hit improves muscle capillarisation and eNOS/NAD(P)Hoxidase protein ratio in obese individuals with elevated cardiovascular disease risk

Affective and perceptual responses during reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

The effects of manipulation of Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type (FITT) on exercise adherence: A meta‐analysis

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