Enolase 1 Correlated With Cancer Progression and Immune-Infiltrating in Multiple Cancer Types: A Pan-Cancer Analysis

Abstract

Enolase 1 (ENO1) is an oxidative stress protein expressed in endothelial cells. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of ENO1 with prognosis, tumor stage, and levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in multiple cancers. ENO1 expression and its influence on tumor stage and clinical prognosis were analyzed by UCSC Xena browser, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and GTEx Portal. The ENO1 mutation analysis was performed by cBio Portal, and demonstrated ENO1 mutation (1.8%) did not impact on tumor prognosis. The relationship between ENO1 expression and tumor immunity was analyzed by Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and GEPIA. The potential functions of ENO1 in pathways were investigated by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. ENO1 expression was significantly different in tumor and corresponding normal tissues. ENO1 expression in multiple tumor tissues correlated with prognosis and stage. ENO1 showed correlation with immune infiltrates including B cells, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, and tumor purity. ENO1 was proved to be involved in DNA replication, cell cycle, apoptosis, glycolysis process, and other processes. These findings indicate that ENO1 is a potential prognostic biomarker that correlates with cancer progression immune infiltration.

Investigation of the location and secretion features of Candida albicans enolase with monoclonal antibodies

“…There are a substantial number of reports that have demonstrated that human alpha-Eno was responsible for the proliferation and metastasis of a variety of tumors (Fu et al 2015;Sun et al 2019;Xu et al 2020). For example, a study by Gil-Bona et al hypothesized that fungal EVs might also have a possible role in the regulation of intracellular communication as it has been reported for EVs of mammalian cells (Gil-Bona et al 2018).…”

Macrosphelide A Exhibits a Specific Anti-Cancer Effect by Simultaneously Inactivating ENO1, ALDOA, and FH

“…ENO1 overexpression is observed in several cancer types [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], and is known to be associated with cancer cell stemness [ 34 ]. The inhibition of ENO1 attenuates cell proliferation and induces cell death via glycolytic inhibition [ 16 , 24 ]; however, it is not unlikely that the cytotoxic effect observed is a combined effect of metabolic and non-metabolic functions of ENO1, including plasminogen activation, cell–cell adhesion, and DNA replication [ 35 ]. Moonlighting functions of ALDOA have also been demonstrated in a recent study by Gizak et al A slow-binding inhibitor of ALDOA, UM0112176, induces cell death in cancer cells not via the inhibition of the enzymatic activity but through cytoskeletal disruption and caspase activation [ 8 ].…”

“…These enzymes are associated with the Warburg effect, a hallmark of cancer. In addition, some studies have reported that these enzymes are involved in DNA replication and response to DNA damage [ 35 , 36 , 45 ]. Thus, the inhibition of Warburg effects and the TCA cycle and the dysregulation of DNA replication with MSPA treatment could result in apoptosis.…”

Comprehensive Analysis of RELL2 as a Potential Biomarker Associated with Tumor Immune Infiltrating Cells in a Pan-Cancer Analysis

“…We examined the relation between RELL2 expression levels and six different immune infiltrating levels (macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, B cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ T cells) using the TIMER database to obtain the score data of the latter, including the gene expression profiles of 32 cancer types [ 18 ]. The estimate R package was used to explore the abundance of immune and stromal components.…”