Enriched Environment and White Matter in Aging Brain

Yang, Shu; Lü, Wei; Zhou, Dujin; Tang, Yong

doi:10.1002/ar.22526

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Several studies have reported that learning and motor activity influence oligodendrocytes and myelination in white and grey matter of the adult brain [8, 12, 13, 29, 35, 52, 55, 56]. In particular, enriched environment increases myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, myelinated axons and white matter volume during brain aging [47, 48, 57, 59].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of skilled reaching training and enriched environment on generation of oligodendrocytes in the adult sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum

et al. 2017

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Background Increased motor activity or social interactions through enriched environment are strong stimulators of grey and white matter plasticity in the adult rodent brain. In the present study we evaluated whether specific reaching training of the dominant forelimb (RT) and stimulation of unspecific motor activity through enriched environment (EE) influence the generation of distinct oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum of the adult rat brain. Animals were placed in three different housing conditions: one group was transferred to an EE, a second group received daily RT, whereas a third group remained in the standard cage. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was applied at days 2–6 after start of experiments and animals were allowed to survive for 10 and 42 days.ResultsEnriched environment and daily reaching training of the dominant forelimb significantly increased the number of newly differentiated GSTπ+ oligodendrocytes at day 10 and newly differentiated CNPase+ oligodendrocytes in the sensorimotor cortex at day 42. The myelin level as measured by CNPase expression was increased in the frontal cortex at day 42. Distribution of newly differentiated NG2+ subpopulations changed between 10 and 42 days with an increase of GSTπ+ subtypes and a decrease of NG2+ cells in the sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum. Analysis of neuronal marker doublecortin (DCX) showed that more than half of NG2+ cells express DCX in the cortex. The number of new DCX+NG2+ cells was reduced by EE at day 10.ConclusionsOur results indicate for the first time that specific and unspecific motor training conditions differentially alter the process of differentiation from oligodendrocyte subpopulations, in particular NG2+DCX+ cells, in the sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12868-017-0347-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of skilled reaching training and enriched environment on generation of oligodendrocytes in the adult sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum

et al. 2017

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“…Similarly, the effects of enriched/impoverished environment can be age-dependent [4,28,36]. However, enriched environment can be beneficial even in adult animals, as it has been described in several injury models and conditions [37,38]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Dependent Effects of Enriched Environment and Social Isolation in Ischemic Retinal Lesion in Adult Rats

Kiss

Szabadfi

Horváth

et al. 2013

IJMS

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Exposure to an enriched environment has been shown to have many positive effects on brain structure and function. Numerous studies have proven that enriched environment can reduce the lesion induced by toxic and traumatic injuries. Impoverished environment, on the other hand, can have deleterious effects on the outcome of neuronal injuries. We have previously shown that enriched conditions have protective effects in retinal injury in newborn rats. It is well-known that the efficacy of neuroprotective strategies can depend on age and gender. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to examine the effects of environmental enrichment and social isolation in retinal ischemia. We used bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to induce retinal hypoperfusion in adult Wistar rats of both genders. Groups were housed in standard, enriched or impoverished conditions. Impoverished environment was induced by social isolation. Retinas were processed for histological analysis after two weeks of survival. In the present study, we show that (1) enriched environment has protective effects in adult ischemic retinal lesion, while (2) impoverished environment further increases the degree of ischemic injury, and (3) that these environmental effects are gender-dependent: females are less responsive to the positive effects of environmental enrichment and more vulnerable to retinal ischemia in social isolation. In summary, our present study shows that the effects of both positive and negative environmental stimuli are gender-dependent in ischemic retinal lesions.

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“…Furthermore, the number of oligodendrocytes decreases in an age-dependent manner (Jinno, 2015). As a result, the efficiency of remyelination is significantly reduced in the aged brain (Yang et al, 2012). In addition, a decline in axonal regeneration and functional recovery in injured older animals is associated with loss of extracellular matrix components, neurotrophic factors, and intrinsic feedback mechanisms (Roozbehi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Age-related Changes In the Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke

Wang

Leak

et al. 2017

Ageing Research Reviews

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Aging, a complex process associated with various structural, functional and metabolic changes in the brain, is an important risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and stroke. These diseases share similar neuropathological changes, such as the formation of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, loss of neurons and synapses, dysfunction of the neurovascular unit (NVU), reduction of self-repair capacity, and motor and/or cognitive deficiencies. In addition to gray matter dysfunction, the plasticity and repair capacity of white matter also decrease with aging and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. Aging not only renders patients more susceptible to these disorders, but also attenuates their self-repair capabilities. In addition, low drug responsiveness and intolerable side effects are major challenges in the prevention and treatment of senile diseases. Thus, stem cell therapies—characterized by cellular plasticity and the ability to self-renew—may be a promising strategy for aging-related brain disorders. Here, we review the common pathophysiological changes, treatments, and the promises and limitations of stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke.

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Enriched Environment and White Matter in Aging Brain

Cited by 22 publications

References 103 publications

Effect of skilled reaching training and enriched environment on generation of oligodendrocytes in the adult sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum

Effect of skilled reaching training and enriched environment on generation of oligodendrocytes in the adult sensorimotor cortex and corpus callosum

Gender-Dependent Effects of Enriched Environment and Social Isolation in Ischemic Retinal Lesion in Adult Rats

Stem cell therapies in age-related neurodegenerative diseases and stroke

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