Enriching Wayfinding Instructions with Local Landmarks

Raubal, Martin; Winter, Stephan

doi:10.1007/3-540-45799-2_17

Cited by 369 publications

(332 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Obviously, as the number of wayfinding options increases, the complexity of a decision point also increases. Landmarks are an important factor of the environmental context and are often used in navigation instructions [26]. Architectural differentiation [31], the availability of objects in the environment identifiable as landmarks, the unambiguity and saliency of provided by other humans; [30]) to make wayfinding decision situations less complex.…”

Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wayfinding Decision Situations: A Conceptual Model and Evaluation

Giannopoulos

Kiefer

Raubal

et al. 2014

Geographic Information Science

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Abstract. Humans engage in wayfinding many times a day. We try to find our way in urban environments when walking towards our work places or when visiting a city as tourists. In order to reach the targeted destination, we have to make a series of wayfinding decisions of varying complexity. Previous research has focused on classifying the complexity of these wayfinding decisions, primarily looking at the complexity of the decision point itself (e.g., the number of possible routes or branches). In this paper, we proceed one step further by incorporating the user, instructions, and environmental factors into a model that assesses the complexity of a wayfinding decision. We constructed and evaluated three models using data collected from an outdoor wayfinding study. Our results suggest that additional factors approximate the complexity of a wayfinding decision better than the simple model using only the number of branches as a criterion.

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Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wayfinding Decision Situations: A Conceptual Model and Evaluation

Giannopoulos

Kiefer

Raubal

et al. 2014

Geographic Information Science

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“…Our aim is to compare the effectiveness of landmark-based instructions with relative direction (left/right/straight) instructions (and with combinations such as "Turn left towards the X"). Several studies have pointed out that landmarks play a special role in the communication of route directions [2,5,9,17,19,21,24]. However, direction givers do not always prefer to give a landmark-based instruction and by studying in situ route instructions given by people, we noted that this seems to depend on where the instruction is given.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Raubal and Winter [19] try to compute the salience of landmarks using different salience measures to reflect visual, structural, and semantic salience. However, the information they use is often not readily available, such as a landmark's color, façade, or cultural importance.…”

Section: The Role Of Landmarks In Route Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Turn Left” Versus “Walk Towards the Café”: When Relative Directions Work Better Than Landmarks

Götze

Boye

2015

Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography

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An automatic mechanism that gives verbal navigation instructions to pedestrians in situ needs to take into account a number of factors. Besides giving the instruction at the right time and place, the information needs to be as unambiguous as possible for the user to both choose the correct path and be confident in doing so. Humans make extensive use of landmarks when describing the way to others and are more successful following instructions that include landmarks. We present a study comparing landmark-based instructions with relative direction instructions on pedestrians in a real city environment, measuring both objective and subjective success. We find that at some decision points, relative direction instructions work better. We present a method that uses openly available geographic data to predict which kind of instruction is preferable at a given decision point.

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“…Instructions become meaningful if landmarks are included. Particularly more local landmarks (Raubal and Winter 2002) are helpful for pedestrians (Schroder et al 2011). In fact, humans prefer landmarks over street information (Tom and Denis 2003).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation information in wayfinding instructions: evidences from human verbal and visual instructions

2016

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Although the importance of landmarks for human navigation and for orientation is well accepted, most of today's navigation systems hardly incorporate any landmark information or information supporting orientation. Different from previous research that only addressed turn-by-turn instructions in verbal forms and landmarks at decision points, the present study provides empirical evidence that human-generated wayfinding instructions are not solely turn-by-turn but the majority of instructions provide orientation information. We propose a new classification scheme for identifying information in wayfinding instructions that will not only support orientation but also facilitate construction of mental map. We explored and compared two forms of representations-visual sketch map and verbal instructions. Results revealed that landmark information is important in human wayfinding instructions with particular importance of local landmarks along the route and global landmarks that support orientation. In addition, sketch maps contained more global landmarks than verbal instructions. In contrast to turn-by-turn navigation, we found that many instructions in human route descriptions do not always refer to turning actions but to orientation. We conducted interviews with a set of raters on what they consider helpful information in both forms of representations. These results confirmed our findings and supported that future route descriptions can be more meaningful and helpful when they are enriched with orientation information as they conform to how humans structure wayfinding instructions.

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Enriching Wayfinding Instructions with Local Landmarks

Cited by 369 publications

References 21 publications

Wayfinding Decision Situations: A Conceptual Model and Evaluation

Wayfinding Decision Situations: A Conceptual Model and Evaluation

“Turn Left” Versus “Walk Towards the Café”: When Relative Directions Work Better Than Landmarks

Orientation information in wayfinding instructions: evidences from human verbal and visual instructions

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