Sulfide-induced concrete corrosion is the main cause of the deterioration and early structure failure of concrete sewers. Sewer corrosion poses potential issues of odor emission and public safety, and the cost of preventive measures is a significant economic problem globally. Our understanding of sewer corrosion has increased dramatically in recent years. However, there is limited knowledge of the concrete corrosion at high H2S levels and the effective corrosion mitigation strategies. The overall aim of this thesis is to improve the understanding of the sewer corrosion processes and develop a long-lasting corrosion mitigation strategy. To improve the understanding of sewer corrosion, the corrosion development on concrete coupons was investigated in sewers with high H2S concentrations. In a pilot sewer with gaseous H2S at 1100±100 ppm, the surface pH of concrete was reduced from 10.5±0.3 to 3.1±0.5 within 20 days and this coincided with a rapid corrosion rate of 3.5±0.3 mm/year. Microbial community analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated the absence of sulfide-oxidizing microorganisms in the corrosion layer. The chemical analysis of corrosion products supported the reaction of cement with sulfuric acid formed by the chemical oxidation of H2S. The results suggested that chemically induced oxidation of H2S can lead to the rapid corrosion of new concrete sewers within a few weeks. Generally, chemically induced corrosion plays an important role in the initiation stage of concrete corrosion before the development of sulfide oxidizing microorganisms (SOM). Once SOM is well developed, the microbially induced concrete corrosion (MICC) predominately contributes to the corrosion of concrete sewers. This thesis proposed to incorporate nitrite as an admixture into concrete for MICC control in sewers. Prior to the corrosion resistance test, the feasibility of applying nitrite admixed concrete for sewer structures was investigated. The impacts of calcium nitrite addition and its dosages on the mechanical properties were evaluated through standard tests and the anaerobic sewer biofilm communities developed on concrete surfaces were analyzed by DNA sequencing. The results revealed that setting time and water demand for normal consistency were reduced, but slump, drying shrinkage, and apparent volume of permeable voids increased with the calcium nitrite dosage up to 4% weight of cement. The cumulative leached fraction of nitrite, 28-day compressive 'Distinct microbially induced concrete corrosion at the tidal region of reinforced concrete sewers', Water Research 150, 392-402. (2019). vii