Enrichment Techniques for Inorganic Trace Analysis

Mizuike, Atsushi

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68854-6

Cited by 322 publications

(119 citation statements)

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“…Two possible mechanisms in the coprecipitation process are taken into consideration: (1) mixed crystal formation, and (2) carrier precipitation. 56 A matrix ion in the ionic crystal lattice of the matrix precipitate can be replaced by a trace ion of the same sign to form a mixed crystal, when the matrix precipitate and trace compounds are isomorphous and their lattice constants (or ionic radii of matrix and traces) do not differ too much from each other. Solid compounds of dissimilar crystallographic types or lattice constants can also form mixed crystals having a limited miscibility.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Heavy Metals at Sub-ppm Levels in Seawater and Dialysis Solutions by FA AS after Tetrakis(pyridine)-nickel(II)bis(thiocyanate) Coprecipitation

2008

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A coprecipitation method has been developed for the determination of Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in aqueous samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) with the combination of pyridine, nickel(II) as a carrier element and potassium thiocyanate as an auxiliary complexing agent. The obtained coprecipitates were dissolved with nitric acid and measured by FAAS. The coprecipitation conditions, such as the effect of the pH, amounts of nickel, pyridine and potassium thiocyanate, sample volume, and the standing time of the precipitate formation were examined in detail. It was found that the metal ions studied were quantitatively coprecipitated with tetrakis(pyridine)-nickel(II)bis(thiocyanate) precipitate (TP-Ni-BT) in the pH range of 9.0 -10.5. The reliability of the results was evaluated by recovery tests, using synthetic seawater solutions spiked with the analyte metal ions. The obtained recoveries ranged from 96 to 101% for all of the metal ions investigated. The proposed method was validated by analyses of two certified reference materials (NIST SRM 2711 Montana soil and HPS Certified Waste Water Trace Metals Lot #D532205). It was also successfully applied to seawater and dialysis solution samples. The detection limits (n = 25, 3s) were in the range of 0.01 -2.44 mg l -1 for the studied elements and the relative standard deviations were £6%, which indicated that this method could fully satisfy the requiremets for analysis of such samples as seawater and dialysis solution having high salt contents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Heavy Metals at Sub-ppm Levels in Seawater and Dialysis Solutions by FA AS after Tetrakis(pyridine)-nickel(II)bis(thiocyanate) Coprecipitation

2008

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“…Selective adsorption of an ion on suitable solid sorbent possessing selectivity is inherently attractive to remove metal ions from dilute aqueous solution. For this purpose, many enrichment methods have been proposed and used to separate and preconcentrate trace elements, according to nature of the samples, the concentration of the analytes and the measurement techniques [10]. Different methods have been applied to extract Ni(II) and Pd(II) ions in water samples including liquid-liquid extraction [11], cloud point extraction [12][13][14][15][16], coprecipitation [17], ion exchange [18], liquid phase micro extraction [19][20][21], voltammetry [22,23] and solid phase extraction [9,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of nickel(II) and palladium(II) from surface waters

Sabermahani¹,

Saeidi²,

Sharifzade³

2012

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. A new sorbent was prepared using alumina and 5-Br-PADAP, and its adsorption ability for the removal of Ni(II) and Pd(II) from different waters was investigated. The procedure is based on retention of the analytes on the alumina load with 5-Br-PADAP at pH ~ 6. The separation/preconcentration conditions for the quantitative recoveries were investigated. The limit of detections (LOD) based on three times the standard deviations of the blank, were 0.187 and 0.253 ng mL -1 for Ni(II) and Pd(II), respectively. Obtained sorption capacities for 1 g sorbent were 6.0 mg Ni(II) and 11.0 mg Pd(II). The linearity was maintained in the concentration range of 0.625 to 6.0 ng mL -1 for Ni(II) and 0.416 to 7.0 ng mL -1 for Pd(II) in the original solution. Eight replicate determinations of a mixture containing 2.0 µg mL -1 each of the elements in the final solution gave relative standard deviation of ±0.82 and ±1.12% for Ni(II) and Pd(II), respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination trace amounts of Ni(II) and Pd(II) in the surface water samples.

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“…However, in case of extremely low concentrations, a previous preconcentration step is unavoidable. 10,11 Among accurate, fast and inexpensive preconcentration methods, that can be applied for heavy metal preconcentration before AAS is the bubble technique named flotation. This separation method is a well known procedure for enrichment raw mineral material before industrial processing in the smelting plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Many factors influence to perform a proper flotation, but an important role has the collector with its colloid nature. [10][11][12] In our earlier work lead(II) hepthyldithiocarbamate, Pb(HpDTC) 2 , and cobalt(III) hepthyldithiocarbamate, Co(HpDTC) 3 , were used as collectors for copper and cadmium preconcentration. 27,28 The idea of this study is to apply iron(III) hepthyldithiocarbamate, Fe(HpDTC) 3 , for flotation separation of chromium, copper and lead traces from water samples prior to ETAAS determination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe(III) hepthyldithocarbamate as a new collector for flotation separation and preconcentration of Cr, Cu, and Pb from fresh waters before their determination by ETAAS

Čundeva¹,

Pavlovska²,

Stafilov³

2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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eletrotérmica (ETAAS). A possibilidade da aplicação de heptilditiocarbamato de ferro(III), Fe(HpDTC) 3 , como coletor foi estudada. Os parâmetros experimentais que influenciam a eficiência da flotação do coletor foram otimizados. Constatou-se que Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu(II) e Pb(II) podem ser separados simultaneamente pela adição de 20 mg de Fe(III) e 6 mL de HpDTC -0,1 mol L -1 a 1 L de uma amostra teste, em pH 6,5. O fator de preconcentração do método é 40. A aplicabilidade do novo procedimento proposto foi verificada pelo método de adições padrão e por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES) como um método comparativo independente. O limite de detecção para Cu pelo método de flotação/ ETAAS é 0,015 µg L -1 , 0,011 µg L -1 para Cr e 0,025 µg L -1 para Pb. Determinou-se que para concentrações baixas (de 0,025 a 0,2 µg L -1 ), o RSD para Cu é 1,5%; para Cr, 4,2% e para Pb é 7,8%; enquanto que para níveis de concentração mais altos (de 0,2 a 4,5 µg L -1 ), RSD para Cu é 1,7%, para Cr 2,8% e para Pb é 3,7%.A method for determination of Cr, Cu and Pb in fresh waters, after flotation separation and preconcentration step, by using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) is presented. The possibility of applying iron(III) hepthyldithiocarbamate, Fe(HpDTC) 3 , as a collector is studied. The experimental parameters affecting the flotation efficiency by a new collector were optimized. It is ascertained that Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) can be separated simultaneously from matrix by addition of 20 mg Fe(III) and 6 mL 0.1 mol L -1 HpDTC -to a test sample of 1 L at pH 6.5. The preconcentration factor of the method is 40. The applicability of the new proposed procedure was verified by the method of standard additions and by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), as an independent comparative method. The limit of detection for Cu by flotation/ETAAS method is 0.015 µg L -1 , for Cr is 0.011 µg L -1 , and for Pb 0.025 µg L -1 . It was found that for low concentrations (from 0.025-0.2 µg L -1 ) RSD for Cu is 1.5%, for Cr 4.2% and for Pb is 7.8%, while for the higher concentration level (from 0.2-4.5 µg L -1 ) RSD for Cu is 1.7%, for Cr 2.8% and for Pb is 3.7%.

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Enrichment Techniques for Inorganic Trace Analysis

Cited by 322 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of Heavy Metals at Sub-ppm Levels in Seawater and Dialysis Solutions by FA AS after Tetrakis(pyridine)-nickel(II)bis(thiocyanate) Coprecipitation

Determination of Heavy Metals at Sub-ppm Levels in Seawater and Dialysis Solutions by FA AS after Tetrakis(pyridine)-nickel(II)bis(thiocyanate) Coprecipitation

Removal of nickel(II) and palladium(II) from surface waters

Fe(III) hepthyldithocarbamate as a new collector for flotation separation and preconcentration of Cr, Cu, and Pb from fresh waters before their determination by ETAAS

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