Enriquecimento de floresta em restauração por meio de semeadura direta de lianas

Marie, Jeanne; Gandolfi, Sérgius; Brancalion, Pedro Henrique Santin; Tadeu, Carlos

doi:10.1590/s2236-89062013000300006

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…; Bourlegat et al. ; Duarte & Gandolfi ), which occurs usually after 10 yrs of restoration according to our observations. Hence, it is necessary to establish whether structural complexity has a significant influence on establishment of these growth forms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Restoration over time: is it possible to restore trees and non‐trees in high‐diversity forests?

Garcia

Hobbs

Ribeiro

et al. 2016

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions Do different growth forms have distinct temporal patterns of recovery of their structure, diversity, and composition in restored Atlantic Rain forest? Are tree and non‐tree assemblages structured by the same factors? Location Atlantic Rain Forest, restored by planting an assemblage of high‐diversity tree species, Brazil. Methods We measured plant colonization of restoration sites of different ages to evaluate restoration success in terms of species diversity, colonization by non‐tree species and structure measures among stands. We used Procrustes analysis to test whether the same conditions that influence tree composition influence non‐tree composition (congruence between non‐trees and trees present on the same sites). Results Many structural aspects of recovering forests, e.g. tree basal area, canopy cover, height, tree richness, and non‐tree floristic composition resembled a mature forest within five decades. Although tree species diversity increased according to restoration age of sites, planted sites did not recover the richness of all growth forms even after five decades of restoration, and particularly lacked climbers and epiphytes. We detected significant similarity between corresponding points (tree and non‐tree composition) from separate ordinations only in the reference forest. Therefore, naturally assembled communities are more concordant than those originating from active restoration. Conclusion Non‐tree assemblages respond to different factors than the tree assemblages in restoration sites. Hence, non‐tree recovery may not result as a natural consequence of tree recovery, and specific restoration strategies for non‐tree species must be applied. Tree richness recovered after two decades. Only half of the non‐tree species richness was recovered in old restoration sites, but their composition similarity reached expected levels of reference values. Further studies will investigate if low richness of non‐tree species is a consequence of low input of allochthonous propagules (landscape filter) or whether they are arriving but not establishing (environmental filter). Enrichment planting of non‐tree species may be required if the problem is propagule input. We recommend enrichment planting should be implemented within 10 yrs after initial restoration planting because of the need for trees as supporting structures. However, if propagules are arriving but not establishing, the solution is to detect which environmental filters are important and to manipulate them through forest management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Restoration over time: is it possible to restore trees and non‐trees in high‐diversity forests?

Garcia

Hobbs

Ribeiro

et al. 2016

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…), as well as to reintroduce climbers (Bourlegat et al. ). Complementary to introducing new species, the removal of nonnative trees from the canopy may promote the development of natural regeneration in PL and SGe (Swinfield et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early ecological outcomes of natural regeneration and tree plantations for restoring agricultural landscapes

César

Moreno

Coletta

et al. 2018

Ecological Applications

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Mixed tree plantings and natural regeneration are the main restoration approaches for recovering tropical forests worldwide. Despite substantial differences in implementation costs between these methods, little is known regarding how they differ in terms of ecological outcomes, which is key information for guiding decision making and cost-effective restoration planning. Here, we compared the early ecological outcomes of natural regeneration and tree plantations for restoring the Brazilian Atlantic Forest in agricultural landscapes. We assessed and compared vegetation structure and composition in young (7-20 yr old) mixed tree plantings (PL), second-growth tropical forests established on former pastures (SGp), on former Eucalyptus spp. plantations (SGe), and in old-growth reference forests (Ref). We sampled trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) 1-5 cm (saplings) and trees at DBH > 5 cm (trees) in a total of 32 20 × 45 m plots established in these landscapes. Overall, the ecological outcomes of natural regeneration and restoration plantations were markedly different. SGe forests showed higher abundance of large (DBH > 20 cm) nonnative species, of which 98% were resprouting Eucalyptus trees, than SGp and PL, and higher total aboveground biomass; however, aboveground biomass of native species was higher in PL than in SGe. PL forests had lower abundance of native saplings and lianas than both naturally established second-growth forests, and lower proportion of animal dispersed saplings than SGe, probably due to higher isolation from native forest remnants. Rarefied species richness of trees was lower in SGp, intermediate in SGe and Ref and higher in PL, whereas rarefied species richness of saplings was higher in SG than in Ref. Species composition differed considerably among regeneration types. Although these forests are inevitably bound to specific landscape contexts and may present varying outcomes as they develop through longer time frames, the ecological particularities of forests established through different restoration approaches indicate that naturally established forests may not show similar outcomes to mixed tree plantings. The results of this study underscore the importance that restoration decisions need to be based on more robust expectations of outcomes that allow for a better analysis of the cost-effectiveness of different restoration approaches before scaling-up forest restoration in the tropics.

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“…Se por um lado o manejo através de corte de plantas trepadeiras pode ocasionar perda funcional de espécies, por outro lado áreas em processo de restauração florestal demonstram uma dificuldade no reestabelecimento da diversidade funcional de tais plantas, sendo proposto técnicas de reintrodução de plantas trepadeiras visando o reestabelecimento de tal diversidade (CAMPBELL et al, 2015a;GARCIA et al, 2015;LE BOURLEGAT et al, 2013).…”

Section: Padrões Da Comunidade De Trepadeiras E Suas Relações Com a Bunclassified

Padrões da comunidade de trepadeiras e suas relações com a biomassa arbórea e a regeneração natural em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecidual em Piracicaba, SP: implicações no manejo de fragmentos florestais degradados

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Enriquecimento de floresta em restauração por meio de semeadura direta de lianas

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Restoration over time: is it possible to restore trees and non‐trees in high‐diversity forests?

Restoration over time: is it possible to restore trees and non‐trees in high‐diversity forests?

Early ecological outcomes of natural regeneration and tree plantations for restoring agricultural landscapes

Padrões da comunidade de trepadeiras e suas relações com a biomassa arbórea e a regeneração natural em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecidual em Piracicaba, SP: implicações no manejo de fragmentos florestais degradados

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