Enrofloxacin‐associated retinal degeneration in cats

Abstract

Parenteral and/or oral [corrected] enrofloxacin is potentially retinotoxic in some cats, and may result in acute and diffuse retinal degeneration. Blindness often results, but some cats may regain vision. Practitioners should adhere closely to the manufacturer's current enrofloxacin dosage recommendation (5 mg/kg q 24 h), and continue clinical observations for this drug toxicity in cats.

Retinal safety of a new fluoroquinolone, pradofloxacin, in cats: assessment with electroretinography

“…The toxic effects of high doses of enrofloxacin on the visual system were first noted There is no statistically significant difference between baselines and the various periods of treatment in groups CTRL, PRADO30 and PRADO50, and high differences (* factor 0.2 after 1 week of treatment) in group ENRO30 in cats with diffuse retinal degeneration [29]. Gelatt et al [8] described lesions caused by enrofloxacin administration limited to the retina with diffuse retinal degeneration, primarily affecting the outer nuclear and photoreceptor layers, and, focal areas of hypertrophy and proliferation of the retinal pigment epithelium in the peripheral and central retina.…”

“…However, the presence of a flexible dosage range in the United States to address more severe pathogens has stimulated the usage of higher doses by veterinarians [7,8]. Gelatt et al [8] observed ocular side effects in 17 cats treated with enrofloxacin at up to 6 and 10 times the recommended dosage. The major ocular side effects described are mydriasis, retinal atrophy, attenuated retinal vessels, increased reflectivity of the tapetum, abnormal electroretinogram (ERG) responses and apparent loss of vision.…”

Aşırı Doz Marbofloksasin: Bir Köpekte Akut Körlük İçin Olağan Şüpheli

“…Although unclearly explained, it has been suspected that the mechanism is dose dependent. Higher doses cause more severe side effects [1,14,15] .…”

“…As the dog is often interpreted to analyze the toxicity of several drugs, many agents were tested and reported to cause retinal and chorioretinal changes [1,2] in cats. In the present case report a Terrier dog with acute blindness occurring following high dose marbofloxacin was described, to those of which, in the present authors' practice have never been reported.…”

Resumos Do Xvi Enapave

“…Em coelhos, a administração prolongada de ofloxacina resultou em estresse oxidativo e dano na retina, particularmente no epitélio pigmentado (Rampal et al, 2008). Já em gatos, o uso terapêutico de enrofloxacina tem sido associado a degeneração de retina irreversível e cegueira (Gelatt et al, 2001). Objetiva-se relatar um surto de intoxicação caracterizada por cegueira devido a retinopatia tóxica degenerativa compatível com sobredose de enrofloxacina em frangos de corte.…”