Enrolling conservation buffers in the CRP

Individual transferable quota contribution to environmental stewardship: a theory in need of validation

“…For example, lower age, higher educational attainment, female gender (e.g., Lynne et al 1988, Jones and Dunlap 1992, Wilson 1997, higher income levels (e.g., Earle et al 1979, Vanclay 1986, larger acreage, and higher capital ownership (Prokopy et al 2008) were predictive of higher stewardship behavior. Higher levels of farm debt, higher dependence on farming for an income, being an absentee landlord or corporate owner, and being a leaseholder (Timmons 1980, Lee and Stewart 1983, Tosakana et al 2010 were predictive of lower stewardship behavior (e.g., Gasson and Potter 1988, Force and Bills 1989, Loftus and Kraft 2003. Even though the reported results apply to many different agricultural "contexts," they cannot be generalized to apply to all agricultural situations, and there is no absolute uniformity in either the predictive accuracy of the variables or in the direction of the effects that have been analyzed to date.…”

Tasmanian landowner preferences for conservation incentive programs: A latent class approach

“…The role of off-farm income has been found to have two potential effects on participation in incentive schemes: it may reflect the availability of additional funds (Loftus and Kraft 2003); and, on the other hand, it may reflect the need of the family to have additional income to cover living expenses (e.g. Tisdell and Harrison 1999).…”

“…Farmers in the USA who were less reliant on farm income were found to be more likely to participate in a conservation reserve program (Loftus and Kraft 2003).…”

“…were less likely to participate in incentive schemes or to implement conservation actions (Loftus and Kraft 2003). The authors speculated that these landowners may not have been financially able to incur what was perceived to be the high opportunity cost of setting aside productive areas of their property.…”

Yes in my backyard : market based mechanisms for forest conservation and climate change mitigation in La Primavera, Mexico

“…Participation in PES schemes has been linked with higher income, off-land income, youth and education level, low levels of household debt and more labour available in the family (Balderas Torres, 2007;Dickinson et al, 2011;Dupraz et al, 2003;Greiner et al, 2003;Lambert et al, 2007;Loftus andKraft, 2003, Petrzelka et al, 2012;Putten et al, 2011). Positive participation has also been related to larger property size (Kilgore et al, 2008;Ma et al, 2012, Putten et al, 2011, to properties located closer to the household (Balderas Torres, 2007), and also previous knowledge of the program and positive attitudes towards the environment (Ma et al, 2012;Putten et al, 2011).…”