Enrollment of Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Pinsky, Paul F.; Ford, Marvella E.; Gamito, Eduard J.; Higgins, Darlene; Jenkins, Victoria; Lamerato, Lois; Tenorio, Sally; Marcus, Pamela M.; Gohagan, John K.

doi:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31241-4

Cited by 78 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Despite bearing an unequal burden of disease, African Americans and Latinos continue to be underrepresented in clinical trials research, even though the National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993 (P.L. 103-43) stipulating the participation of women and minority groups in research was created in 1993 and updated in 2001 (Pinsky et al, 2008). Insufficient representation of racially and ethnically diverse groups and women in clinical trials results in inequitable distribution of the risks and benefits of research participation and reduces the generalizability of trial results (Pinsky et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unequal Burden of Disease, Unequal Participation in Clinical Trials: Solutions from African American and Latino Community Members

Ford

Siminoff

Pickelsimer

et al. 2013

Health & Social Work

119

157

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Unequal Treatment conceptual framework was used. Six racially/ ethnically homogenous focus groups were conducted at five sites in three counties. Themes within groups and cross-cutting themes were identified. The NVIVO program was used for data classification. The data were reviewed for final coding and consensus. Shared solutions included addressing costs, recruiting in community contexts, conducting community and individualized patient education, and sharing patient safety information. Participants were unanimously in favor of clinical trials navigation recruitment interventions. Solutions specific to African Americans included diversifying research teams, recognizing past research abuses, and increasing community trust. Solutions specific to Latinos included providing low-literacy materials, providing Spanish-speaking clinicians and advocates, and clarifying that immigration status would neither be documented nor prevent participation. Solutions from African Americans and Latinos reflect their cultural backgrounds and historical experiences. The results suggest the importance of developing a tailored, barriers-focused navigation intervention to improve participation among diverse racial and ethnic populations.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unequal Burden of Disease, Unequal Participation in Clinical Trials: Solutions from African American and Latino Community Members

Ford

Siminoff

Pickelsimer

et al. 2013

Health & Social Work

119

157

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“…Extra efforts were made to recruit minorities. 22 The study was approved by the National Cancer Institute and the Institutional Review Boards of the screening centers. All participants gave written informed consent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Distal Colorectal Neoplasia Among Whites and Blacks Following Negative Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: An Analysis of PLCO Trial

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether the higher rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) among non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) is due to lower rates of CRC screening or greater biologic risk. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate whether blacks are more likely than non-Hispanic whites (whites) to develop distal colon neoplasia (adenoma and/or cancer) after negative flexible sigmoidoscopy (FSG). DESIGN: We analyzed data of participants with negative FSGs at baseline in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial who underwent repeat FSGs 3 or 5 years later. Subjects with polyps or masses were referred to their physicians for diagnostic colonoscopy. We collected and reviewed the records of diagnostic evaluations. PARTICIPANTS: Our analytic cohort consisted of 21,550 whites and 975 blacks. MAIN MEASURES: We did a comparison by race (whites vs. blacks) in the findings of polyps or masses at repeat FSG, the follow-up of abnormal test results and the detection of colorectal neoplasia at diagnostic colonoscopy. KEY RESULTS: At the follow-up FSG examination, 304 blacks (31.2 %) and 4183 whites (19.4 %) had abnormal FSG, [adjusted relative risk (RR)=1.00; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.90-1.10]. However, blacks were less likely to undergo diagnostic colonoscopy (76.6 % vs. 83.1 %; RR=0.90; 95 % CI, 0.84-0.96). Among all included patients, blacks had similar risk of any distal adenoma (RR=0.86; 95 % CI, 0.65-1.14) and distal advanced adenoma (RR=1.01; 95 % CI, 0.60-1.68). Similar results were obtained when we restricted our analysis to compliant subjects who underwent diagnostic colonoscopy (RR=1.01; 95 % CI, 0.80-1.29) for any distal adenoma and (RR=1.18; 95 % CI, 0.73-1.92) for distal advanced adenoma. CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any differences between blacks and whites in the risk of distal colorectal adenoma 3-5 years after negative FSG. However, follow-up evaluations were lower among blacks.

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“…24 There is an ongoing argument for selective screening of African-Caribbean groups 25 and it remains to be seen whether it will become common practice.…”

Section: Management and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer in the African-Caribbean community

Thakare

Chinegwundoh

2015

Trends Urology & Men Health

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Enrollment of Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Cited by 78 publications

References 14 publications

Unequal Burden of Disease, Unequal Participation in Clinical Trials: Solutions from African American and Latino Community Members

Unequal Burden of Disease, Unequal Participation in Clinical Trials: Solutions from African American and Latino Community Members

Occurrence of Distal Colorectal Neoplasia Among Whites and Blacks Following Negative Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: An Analysis of PLCO Trial

Prostate cancer in the African-Caribbean community

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