Ent-kaurane diterpenoids from the Annonaceae family: a review of research progress and call for further research

Abstract

The Annonaceae is one of the plant families with members that are credited with numerous pharmacological functions. Among the group of compounds responsible for these bioactivities are the ent-kaurane diterpenoids. The ent-kauranes are a group of 20-Carbon, tetracyclic diterpenoids that are widely distributed in other plant families including the Annonaceae family. This mini-review focuses mainly on the ent-kaurane diterpenoids isolated from the Annonaceae family, delineates the various biological activities of these compounds, and highlights the research gaps that exist for further scientific scrutiny.

Methanol extract of Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) KUDO leaves has antimicrobial and antioxidant activities but no neuroprotective activity.

“…There are reports on the chemical isolation and purification of many terpenoids from the species I. ternifolius (Zou et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2020). The terpenoids, especially the diterpenoids such as ent-kaurene, are described to encompass biological activities, for instance, antiinflammatory, antioxidant (El-hawary et al, 2012;Aimond et al, 2020;Ibrahim et al, 2023), analgesic, diuretic, anti-tumour, anticancer (Gurgel et al, 2009;Ding et al, 2017;Ibrahim et al, 2023), antiacetylcholinesterase (Thirgnanasampandan et al, 2008), antimicrobial (Goncalves et al, 2012Sarkar et al, 2021Ibrahim et al, 2023), antiangiogenic (Meade-Tollin et al, 2004Huang et al, 2016) and phytotoxic (Rauf et al, 2012). The high antimicrobial activity of the extracts might also be contributed by the terpenoids present in the plant.…”

Stereoselective synthesis and antiproliferative activity of allo-gibberic acid-based 1,3-aminoalcohol regioisomers

“…1,2 The ent-kaurane tetracyclic diterpenes represent a large group of natural products widely found in different plant families and endowed with remarkable biological activities. 3 Structurally, the majority of ent-kauranes discovered so far have a tetracyclic core structure formed by combining a perhydrophenanthrene skeleton with a cyclopentane ring. 4,5 Almost 600 of the known ent-kaurane diterpenes have been identified and characterised within the Isodon (Lamiaceae) plants, which have been employed to treat cancer and other inflammatory diseases for centuries.…”