Entamoeba histolytica and/or Entamoeba dispar: Infection frequency in HIV+/AIDS patients in Mexico city

Morán, Patricia; Ramos, Fernando; Ramiro, Manuel; Curiel, Octavio; González, Enrique; Valadéz, Alicia; Gómez, Alejandro; Garcı́a, Gabriela; Melendro, Emma I.; Ximénez, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2005.03.023

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Sin embargo, en los países del Occidente, aunque de 20% a 30% de los hombres homosexuales están infectados con E. dispar, la amebiasis invasiva es muy rara en pacientes con el VIH 21 . En dos estudios realizados en México, ninguno de los pacientes VIH positivos infectados con E. histolytica presentaba síntomas atribuibles al parásito 22 . No obstante, la infección y la enfermedad son relativamente frecuentes en estos pacientes en otros países 12,23 .…”

Section: La Epidemiología De La Amebiasisunclassified

Amebiasis: aspectos clínicos, terapéuticos y de diagnóstico de la infección

Chacín-Bonilla

2013

Rev. méd. Chile

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609artículos de revisión L a amebiasis se considera como una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo y constituye dentro de las enfermedades de origen parasitario, especialmente en el mundo en desarrollo, la tercera causa de muerte después de la malaria y la esquistosomiosis 1,2 . El reconocimiento de Entamoeba dispar y Entamoeba moshkovskii en humanos ha complicado más el diagnóstico de E. histolytica. Estas tres especies son morfológicamente indistinguibles y las dos primeras se consideran comensales. Sin embargo, estudios recientes sugieren que puedan desempeñar un papel patógeno. En Bangladesh e India, E. dispar y E. moshkovskii se observaron asociadas con síntomas gastrointestinales 3 y se ha demostrado que E. dispar produce lesiones intestinales y hepáticas en conejillos de Indias 4 . La distribución mundial y la magnitud de la infección de estas tres especies no son conocidas, ya que la mayoría de los diagnósticos, especialmente en el tercer mundo, se siguen basando en la observación microscópica lo que no permite diferenciarlas. Los datos actuales sugieren que E. dispar es 10 veces más común que E. histolytica en individuos asintomáticos pero las prevalencias locales de ambas especies varían significativamente 1 . No todas las infecciones con E. histolytica conducen a la enfermedad y sólo una de cada 10 infecciones progresan hacia la enfermedad 3 . El objetivo de esta revisión es describir y discutir los avances recientes en la amebiasis con énfasis en los aspectos clínicos, de diagnóstico y manejo de la infección. La epidemiología de la amebiasisLa amebiasis es común y ampliamente diseminada, pero la prevalencia varía según las áreas geográficas. Alrededor de 50 millones de personas

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Section: La Epidemiología De La Amebiasisunclassified

Amebiasis: aspectos clínicos, terapéuticos y de diagnóstico de la infección

Chacín-Bonilla

2013

Rev. méd. Chile

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“…Earlier methods of DNA extraction relied on the culture of microscopy-positive fecal samples in Robinson's medium followed by subsequent extraction of DNA from cultured trophozoites by the phenol-chloroform method (135,181,183). Later methods included direct extraction of DNA from microscopy-positive fecal samples (151), and with modification this proved to be a successful strategy for formalinether-concentrated samples (3,116,147,148,179) and for unpreserved stool samples and stool samples stored at 4°C or Ϫ20°C (123,141).…”

Section: Methods Of Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Diagnostic Techniques for Entamoeba Species

et al. 2007

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SUMMARY The genus Entamoeba contains many species, six of which (Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba moshkovskii, Entamoeba polecki, Entamoeba coli, and Entamoeba hartmanni) reside in the human intestinal lumen. Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis and is considered a leading parasitic cause of death worldwide in humans. Although recent studies highlight the recovery of E. dispar and E. moshkovskii from patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, there is still no convincing evidence of a causal link between the presence of these two species and the symptoms of the host. New approaches to the identification of E. histolytica are based on detection of E. histolytica-specific antigen and DNA in stool and other clinical samples. Several molecular diagnostic tests, including conventional and real-time PCR, have been developed for the detection and differentiation of E. histolytica, E. dispar, and E. moshkovskii in clinical samples. The purpose of this review is to discuss different methods that exist for the identification of E. histolytica, E. dispar, and E. moshkovskii which are available to the clinical diagnostic laboratory. To address the need for a specific diagnostic test for amebiasis, a substantial amount of work has been carried out over the last decade in different parts of the world. The molecular diagnostic tests are increasingly being used for both clinical and research purposes. In order to minimize undue treatment of individuals infected with other species of Entamoeba such as E. dispar and E. moshkovskii, efforts have been made for specific diagnosis of E. histolytica infection and not to treat based simply on the microscopic examination of Entamoeba species in the stool. The incorporation of many new technologies into the diagnostic laboratory will lead to a better understanding of the public health problem and measures to control the disease.

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“…Since the emergence of AIDS, clinical alterations related to the gastrointestinal tract have been highly prevalent, of which diarrheic conditions associated to parasitic infections are noteworthy (2). Many studies have shown that some intestinal parasites were frequently associated with severe diarrhea in HIV patients, both in developed and developing countries (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Socioeconomic and cultural factors have carefully been studied for the impact that they may have on the onset of enteroparasitosis in general and in HIV-infected patients (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects

Amâncio¹,

Pascotto²,

Souza³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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This study applied a socioeconomic questionnaire designed to evaluate the frequency of intestinal parasites and characterize epidemiological, nutritional, and immunological variables in 105 HIV/AIDS patients -with and without parasitic infections, attending the Day Hospital in Botucatu, UNESP, from 2007 to 2008. Body mass index was calculated and the following tests performed: parasitological stool examinations; eosinophil, IgE, CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocyte cell counts; albumin test; viral load measure; and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine levels. Results were positive for parasitic intestinal infections in 12.4% of individuals. Most patients had good socioeconomic conditions with basic sanitation, urban dwellings, treated water supply and sewage, good nutritional and immunological status and were undergoing HAART. Parasites were found at the following frequencies: Entamoeba -five patients (38.5%), Giardia lamblia -four (30.7%), Blastocystis hominis -three (23.0%), Endolimax nana -two (15.4%), and Ascaris lumbricoides -one (7.7%). There were no significant differences between the two groups for eosinophils, albumin, IgE, CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocytes, INF-γ, IL-2, or IL-10. Most patients also showed undetectable viral load levels. Significant differences were found for TNF-α and IL-5. These results show the importance of new studies on immunodeficient individuals to increase understanding of such variables.

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Entamoeba histolytica and/or Entamoeba dispar: Infection frequency in HIV+/AIDS patients in Mexico city

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Amebiasis: aspectos clínicos, terapéuticos y de diagnóstico de la infección

Amebiasis: aspectos clínicos, terapéuticos y de diagnóstico de la infección

Laboratory Diagnostic Techniques for Entamoeba Species

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects

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