Entangled Two-Dimensional Coordination Networks: A General Survey

(2016) 'Knot theory in modern chemistry.', Chemical society reviews., 45 (23). pp. 6432-6448. Further information on publisher's website:https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CS00448BPublisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Knot theory is a branch of pure mathematics, but it is increasingly being applied in a variety of sciences. Knots appear in chemistry, not only in synthetic molecular design, but also in an array of materials and media, including some not traditionally associated with knots. Mathematics and chemistry can now be used synergistically to identify, characterise and create knots, as well as to understand and predict their physical properties. This tutorial r eview provides a brief introduction to the mathematics of knots and related topological concepts in the context of the chemical sciences. We then survey the broad range of applications of the theory to contemporary research in the field. Key Learning Points Some fundamentals of knot theory.  Knot theory and closely related ideas in topology can be applied to modern chemistry.  Knots can be formed in single molecules as well as in materials and biological fibres using a mixture of selfassembly, metal templating and optical manipulation. The inclusion of knots in molecular structures can alter chemical and physical properties.  Knots are surprisingly ubiquitous in the chemical sciences.

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“…The field of topologically non-trivial coordination polymer networks is vast and has been comprehensively reviewed. 37 …”

Section: Coordination and Supramolecular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knot theory in modern chemistry

et al. 2016

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“…In what is perhaps the simplest kind, two or more identical copies of a net are intergrown so that rings of one net are catenated with those of other copies (e.g. Batten & Robson, 1998;Carlucci et al, 2003Carlucci et al, , 2014Blatov et al, 2004). Such structures are the topic of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-symmetry embeddings of interpenetrating periodic nets. Essential rings and patterns of catenation

Bonneau

O’Keeffe

2015

Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv

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Symmetrical embeddings are given for multiply intergrown sets of some commonly occurring nets such as dia (diamond), qtz (quartz), pcu (net of primitive cubic lattice) and srs (labyrinth net of the G minimal surface). Data are also given for all known pairs of nets which have edge-transitive self-dual tilings. Examples are given for symmetrical polycatenation of the 2-periodic nets sql (square lattice) and hcb (honeycomb). The idea that the rings that are the faces of natural tilings form a complete basis set (essential rings) is explored and patterns of catenation of such rings described.

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“…Coordination polymers are crystalline assemblies of metal cations and bridging organic ligands with infinite 2D or 3D network structures. Whole coordination networks may be entangled through interpenetration or polycatenation, [21][22][23] and infinite networks have been reported to form through catenane formation between chemically independent rings 24,25 catenane formation between 1D coordination polymers, 26 or between 3D metallo-cages. 27,28 A Borromean ring or link is composed of three independent rings that are linked together but where no two rings are interlocked into a catenane.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, a number of 2D coordination polymers that exhibit a Borromean weave have been reported, and examples have been compiled within two articles. 21,33 In all the cases that we are aware of, the Borromean structural relationships in a Borromean weave are between infinite connected networks. We report herein the first example of a network that is formed by entangled but independent discrete rings to form a 2D chainmail motif which contains multiple Borromean-like associations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An infinite chainmail of M6L6 metallacycles featuring multiple Borromean links

2015

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Borromean rings or links are topologically complex assemblies of three entangled rings where no two rings are interlinked in a chain-like catenane, yet the three rings cannot be separated. We report here a metallacycle complex whose crystalline network forms the first example of a new class of entanglement. The complex is formed from the self-assembly of CuBr 2 with the cyclotriveratrylenescaffold ligand (±)-tris(iso-nicotinoyl)cyclotriguaiacylene. Individual metallacycles are interwoven into a 2D chainmail network where each metallacycle exhibits multiple Borromean ring-like associations with its neighbours. This only occurs in the solid state, and also represents the first example of a crystalline infinite chainmail 2D network. Crystals of the complex were twinned and have an unusual hollow tubular morphology likely resulting from a localised dissolutionrecrystallisation process. Main TextThe ability of chemical systems to form topologically complicated threaded architectures has long fascinated chemists.

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Entangled Two-Dimensional Coordination Networks: A General Survey

Cited by 273 publications

References 186 publications

Knot theory in modern chemistry

Knot theory in modern chemistry

High-symmetry embeddings of interpenetrating periodic nets. Essential rings and patterns of catenation

An infinite chainmail of M6L6 metallacycles featuring multiple Borromean links

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