Entanglement of identical particles and coherence in the first quantization language

Chin, Seungbeom; Huh, Joonsuk

doi:10.1103/physreva.99.052345

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this section we examine the approach to indistinguishable particle entanglement elaborated in [194,195]: its explicit purpose is to treat indistinguishable particles by means of the first quantization formalism without particle labels being attached to single particle state vectors. By its very construction, this approach relies upon particles and single-particle operators; therefore, the underlying locality criterion can be characterized by Definition 2.…”

Section: Entanglement-ivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entanglement in indistinguishable particle systems

et al. 2020

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For systems consisting of distinguishable particles, there exists an agreed upon notion of entanglement which is fundamentally based on the possibility of addressing individually each one of the constituent parties. Instead, the indistinguishability of identical particles hinders their individual addressability and has prompted diverse, sometimes discordant definitions of entanglement. In the present review, we provide a comparative analysis of the relevant existing approaches, which is based on the characterization of bipartite entanglement in terms of the behaviour of correlation functions. Such a a point of view provides a fairly general setting where to discuss the presence of non-local effects; it is performed in the light of the following general consistency criteria: i) entanglement corresponds to non-local correlations and cannot be generated by local operations; ii) when, by "freezing" suitable degrees of freedom, identical particles can be effectively distinguished, their entanglement must reduce to the one that holds for distinguishable particles; iii) in absence of other quantum resources, only entanglement can outperform classical information protocols. These three requests provide a setting that allows to evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the existing approaches to indistinguishable particle entanglement and to contribute to the current understanding of such a crucial issue. Indeed, they can be classified into five different classes: four hinging on the notion of particle and one based on that of physical modes. We show that only the latter approach is consistent with all three criteria, each of the others indeed violating at least one of them.

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Section: Entanglement-ivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entanglement in indistinguishable particle systems

et al. 2020

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“…where + for bosons and − for fermions in the last line. This is an entangled state of mode X 1 and 8,10]. Note that E c = 0 when either of the particles arrives at one detector with probability 1 (no spatial coherence).…”

Section: Linear Quantum Network (Lqn)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on a similar intuition that the path ambiguity of indistinguishable particles can generate entanglement, various protocols have been suggested for the entanglement of identical particles [3][4][5][6]. Recently, there have been quantitative studies on the relation among particle indistinguishability, spatial coherence, and bipartite entanglement [7][8][9][10][11]. In particular, the amount of entanglement is experimentally verified to be a monotonically increasing function of both indistinguishability and spatial coherence [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graph Picture of Linear Quantum Networks and Entanglement

Chin

Kim

Lee

2021

Quantum

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The indistinguishability of quantum particles is widely used as a resource for the generation of entanglement. Linear quantum networks (LQNs), in which identical particles linearly evolve to arrive at multimode detectors, exploit the indistinguishability to generate various multipartite entangled states by the proper control of transformation operators. However, it is challenging to devise a suitable LQN that carries a specific entangled state or compute the possible entangled state in a given LQN as the particle and mode number increase. This research presents a mapping process of arbitrary LQNs to graphs, which provides a powerful tool for analyzing and designing LQNs to generate multipartite entanglement. We also introduce the perfect matching diagram (PM diagram), which is a refined directed graph that includes all the essential information on the entanglement generation by an LQN. The PM diagram furnishes rigorous criteria for the entanglement of an LQN and solid guidelines for designing suitable LQNs for the genuine entanglement. Based on the structure of PM diagrams, we compose LQNs for fundamental N-partite genuinely entangled states.

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“…Recently, the indistinguishability of quantum particles arouse strong interest as a useful resource for generating entanglement [16][17][18][19][20], which was motivated by the debate on the rigorous quantification of entanglement in identical particles [21][22][23][24][25][26]. By the exchange symmetry of identical particles, the total state always seems to have a mathematical form of entangled states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entangling three identical particles via spatial overlap

Lee¹,

Pramanik²,

Cho³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Quantum correlations between identical particles are at the heart of quantum technologies. Recently, particle identity has drawn strong attention as an essential resource for generating entanglement. Several studies with two identical particles have shown that the spatial overlap and indistinguishability between the particles are necessary for generating bipartite entanglement. On the other hand, researches on the extension to more than two-particle systems are limited by the practical difficulty to deal with multiple identical particles in laboratories. In this work, we propose schemes to generate two fundamental classes of genuine tripartite entanglement, i.e., GHZ and W classes, which are experimentally demonstrated with three identical photons. We also show that the tripartite entanglement class decays from the genuine entanglement to the full separability as the particles become more distinguishable from each other. Our results support the prediction that particle indistinguishability is a fundamental element for entangling identical particles.

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Entanglement of identical particles and coherence in the first quantization language

Cited by 25 publications

References 46 publications

Entanglement in indistinguishable particle systems

Entanglement in indistinguishable particle systems

Graph Picture of Linear Quantum Networks and Entanglement

Entangling three identical particles via spatial overlap

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