Entanglement of polar symmetric top molecules as candidate qubits

Qi, Weizhi; Kais, Sabre; Friedrich, Břetislav; Herschbach, D. R.

doi:10.1063/1.3649949

Cited by 70 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We can also consider molecules for ion trap experiments, where the internal comagnetometers are necessary [3] since there is no ability to reverse the applied electric field, such as LuOH þ or RaOH þ . Additionally, the combination of laser cooling, optical readout, and linear Stark shifts in small fields could be useful for quantum information processing and quantum simulation [41,42].…”

Section: H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Measurement of Time-Reversal Symmetry Violation with Laser-Cooled Polyatomic Molecules

2017

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Precision searches for time-reversal symmetry violating interactions in polar molecules are extremely sensitive probes of high energy physics beyond the standard model. To extend the reach of these probes into the PeV regime, long coherence times and large count rates are necessary. Recent advances in laser cooling of polar molecules offer one important tool-optical trapping. However, the types of molecules that have been laser cooled so far do not have the highly desirable combination of features for new physics searches, such as the ability to fully polarize and the existence of internal comagnetometer states. We show that by utilizing the internal degrees of freedom present only in molecules with at least three atoms, these features can be attained simultaneously with molecules that have simple structure and are amenable to laser cooling and trapping. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.133002 Precision measurements of heavy atomic and molecular systems have proven to be a powerful probe of high energy scales in the search for new physics beyond the standard model (BSM) [1]. For example, the limit on the electron's electric dipole moment (EDM), set by the ACME Collaboration using ThO, is sensitive to T-violating BSM physics at the ≳TeV scale [2]. This sensitivity relies on the ability to experimentally access the large effective electromagnetic fields (>10 GV=cm) present in heavy polar molecules by fully polarizing them in the laboratory frame. This makes the experimental challenges of working with such a complex species worth the effort.Despite the success of ACME, a current limitation of that experiment and all present molecular beam experiments is that their coherence time is limited to a few milliseconds by the beam transit time through an apparatus of reasonable size. Since EDM sensitivity scales linearly with coherence time, trapping neutral molecules has the potential to increase sensitivity by many orders of magnitude. Trapped molecular ions have shown great power in EDM searches [3], primarily due to their long coherence time of ∼1 s. Neutral species offer the ability to increase the number of trapped molecules much more easily and essentially without limit compared to ions, while retaining strong robustness against systematic errors. Here we show that laser-cooled and trapped polyatomic molecules offer a combination of features not available in other systems, including long lifetimes, robustness against systematic errors, and scalability, and present a feasible approach to access PeV-scale BSM physics.A very promising route to trapping EDM-sensitive molecules is direct laser cooling and trapping from cryogenic buffer gas beams (CBGBs), which has advanced tremendously in the last few years [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The molecules that have been cooled so far posses an electronic structure that makes them amenable to laser cooling, but also precludes the existence of Ω doublets, such as the 3 Δ 1 molecular state used in the two most sensitive electron EDM measurements [2,3]. These doublets enable full po...

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Section: H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Measurement of Time-Reversal Symmetry Violation with Laser-Cooled Polyatomic Molecules

2017

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“…Larger polyatomic molecules will provide additional opportunities in physics and chemistry [13][14][15]. For example, exploring the origin of biomolecular homochirality [16] and understanding primordial chemistry leading to the development of organic life requires the use of large molecules [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

Coherent Bichromatic Force Deflection of Molecules

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate the coherent optical bichromatic force on a molecule, the polar free radical strontium monohydroxide (SrOH). A dual-frequency retro-reflected laser beam addressing theX 2 Σ + ↔Ã 2 Π 1/2 electronic transition coherently imparts momentum onto a cryogenic beam of SrOH. This directional photon exchange creates a bichromatic force that transversely deflects the molecules. By adjusting the relative phase between the forward and counter propagating laser beams we reverse the direction of the applied force. A momentum transfer of 70 k is achieved with minimal loss of molecules to dark states. Modeling of the bichromatic force is performed via direct numerical solution of the time-dependent density matrix and is compared with experimental observations. Our results open the door to further coherent manipulation of molecular motion, including the efficient optical deceleration of diatomic and polyatomic molecules with complex level structures.Laser manipulation of atomic motion has revolutionized atomic, molecular and optical (AMO) physics [1,2]. The widely-used techniques of laser cooling and trapping made possible the creation of ultracold degenerate quantum gases [3], simulation of important condensed matter models [4] and development of new quantum sensors [5,6] and clocks [7]. Laser deceleration and cooling of atomic beams -a necessary part of the trap loading process -typically requires scattering tens of thousands of photons in order to bring room (or oven) temperature atoms to velocities where they can be confined by electromagnetic traps for further studies [8]. While beam deceleration employing the spontaneous radiation pressure force has been a standard for atomic experiments, its application to slowing molecular beams has been limited by the small change in kinetic energy per scattered photon and the myriad of internal molecular states, which inhibits photon cycling. At the same time, there is extreme interest in creating ultracold molecules for new physics applications [9].Neutral diatomic molecules are predicted to play an important role in diverse research areas of modern physics such as quantum simulation [10] and computation [11], as well as searches for new particles and fields beyond the Standard Model [12]. Larger polyatomic molecules will provide additional opportunities in physics and chemistry [13][14][15]. For example, exploring the origin of biomolecular homochirality [16] and understanding primordial chemistry leading to the development of organic life requires the use of large molecules [17]. However, these molecules' complexity presents significant challenges for direct laser slowing and cooling. Yet these are the key ingredients that allow for optical trapping, which, in turn, realizes long moleculelaser coherence times and high levels of quantum state control. Previously, the external motion of gas-phase polyatomic molecules has been manipulated with off-resonant laser fields [18] as well as electric [19], magnetic [20], and mechanical techniques [21]. Inspired by the success of...

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“…Once the particular field directions are selected, the four Bell-like states can jointly occur as shown in Eqs. (13)(14)(15)(16). This situation corresponds to two pairs of identical concurrences.…”

Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This molecular platform provides an advantage of controllable rotational properties via the coupling of external fields with the dipole moment [10][11][12]. Field sources include static electric fields [13,14], laser pulses [15], and optimized complex pulses [16]. The rotational properties, such as energy and wave function, are modified to affect the entanglement as well as the dipole-dipole interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bell states and entanglement of two-dimensional polar molecules in electric fields

Liao

2017

Eur. Phys. J. D

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Entanglement generated from polar molecules of two-dimensional rotation is investigated in a static electric field. The electric field modulates the rotational properties of molecules, leading to distinctive entanglement. The concurrence is used to estimate the degree of entanglement. When the electric field is applied parallel or perpendicular to the intermolecular direction, the concurrences reveal two overlapping features. Such a pronounced signature corresponds to the coexistence of all Bell-like states. The characteristics of Bell-like states and overlapping concurrences are kept independent of the modulation of dipole-field and dipole-dipole interactions. On the contrary, the Bell-like states fail to coexist in other field directions, reflecting nonoverlapping concurrences. Furthermore, the thermal effect on the entanglement is analyzed for the Bell-like states. Dissimilar suppressed concurrences occur due to different energy structures for the two specific field directions.

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Entanglement of polar symmetric top molecules as candidate qubits

Cited by 70 publications

References 56 publications

Precision Measurement of Time-Reversal Symmetry Violation with Laser-Cooled Polyatomic Molecules

Precision Measurement of Time-Reversal Symmetry Violation with Laser-Cooled Polyatomic Molecules

Coherent Bichromatic Force Deflection of Molecules

Bell states and entanglement of two-dimensional polar molecules in electric fields

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