Enteral Nutrition Formulas: Current Evidence and Nutritional Composition

Stability of vitamin A, E, C and thiamine during storage of different powdered enteral formulas

“…EFs are used to provide exclusive or partial nutritional and support for individuals with limited, impaired, or disturbed capacity of taking, digestion absorb, metabolize excrete ordinary food or certain nutrients contained food ( Delompre et al., 2019 ; Hurt et al., 2019 ; Reis et al., 2018 ). The composition of commercial formulas for adults are different from those for children in the contents of protein (amino acids, peptides, or intact protein), carbohydrates (glucose polymers, maltodextrins, disaccharides, or oligosaccharides), fat (partially digested mono or diglycerides), as well as the micronutrients ( Brown et al., 2015 ; Cámara-Martos and Iturbide-Casas, 2019 ; Iturbide-Casas et al., 2019 ).…”

The effects of dietary fiber on common complications in critically ill patients; with a special focus on viral infections; a systematic reveiw

“…35 A study compared the results of a fiber-enriched formula with an isocaloric nonenriched formula in ICU patients with an indication of enteral feeding (TF) and reported that an TF formula enriched with fiber might positively affect GI tolerance. 55 Furthermore, the rate of diarrhea was lower in the patients receiving the fiberenriched formula compared with the control group (19% vs. 48%, p = .034). 26 These findings suggest that EN in ICU patients with viral infections may be started with fiber-enriched formulas rather than fiber-free formulas to avoid frequent feeding interruptions that cause protein-energy malnutrition in ICU patients 28 (Figure 4).…”

“…A study compared the results of a fiber‐enriched formula with an isocaloric nonenriched formula in ICU patients with an indication of enteral feeding (TF) and reported that an TF formula enriched with fiber might positively affect GI tolerance 55 . Furthermore, the rate of diarrhea was lower in the patients receiving the fiber‐enriched formula compared with the control group (19% vs. 48%, p = .034) 26 …”

Degradation kinetics of vitamins in different enteral feeding formulas during storage at different temperatures

“…Commercial EFFs are mainly composed as follows: from animal or vegetal protein; from intact or hydrolyzed carbohydrates; and from lipids such as vegetal or animal fat. Vitamins, minerals, and fiber are frequently used as formula ingredients [ [3] , [4] ].…”