Enteric eradication of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with oral bacitracin

O'Donovan, Carmel; Fan-Havard, Patty; Tecson-Tumang, Flor; Smith, Sharon; Eng, Robert H. K.

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(94)90074-4

Cited by 78 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Two groups reported more promising results with oral bacitracin. In one study, treatment cleared VRE from stools in six of eight patients, with one relapse; in the other study, bacitracin cleared VRE in eight of eight patients, with two recurrences (47,197). In another study, however, while combination therapy with bacitracin plus doxycycline initially cleared VRE from the stools of all treated patients, with longer follow-up only 33% remained free of detectable VRE, a proportion comparable to that in an untreated control group (M. R. Weinstein, J. Brunton, I. Campbell, et al, Program Abstr.…”

Section: Surveillance Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Çetinkaya

Falk

Mayhall

2000

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

643

344

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Section: Surveillance Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Çetinkaya

Falk

Mayhall

2000

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

643

344

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“…Bacitracin is more stable as a zinc salt (166) and is used both as a growth promoter and in some topical preparations in human and veterinary medicine. It has also been tested, with limited success, for its applicability in the elimination of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (21,55,102,165,234).…”

Section: Bacitracinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Growth Promoters Used in Animal Feed: Effects of Less Well Known Antibiotics on Gram-Positive Bacteria

2003

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There are not many data available on antibiotics used solely in animals and almost exclusively for growth promotion. These products include bambermycin, avilamycin, efrotomycin, and the ionophore antibiotics (monensin, salinomycin, narasin, and lasalocid). Information is also scarce for bacitracin used only marginally in human and veterinary medicine and for streptogramin antibiotics. The mechanisms of action of and resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics are described. Special emphasis is given to the prevalence of resistance among gram-positive bacteria isolated from animals and humans. Since no susceptibility breakpoints are available for most of the antibiotics discussed, an alternative approach to the interpretation of MICs is presented. Also, some pharmacokinetic data and information on the influence of these products on the intestinal flora are presented

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“…The rationale was based on previous reports suggesting reduction or elimination of fecal carriage of VRE following the administration of oral bacitracin. 25,26 Since it is our assumption that the primary source of VRE was the gastro-intestinal tract in our patients, oral bacitracin was utilized in an effort to decrease the VRE bacterial load in the gut. It must be stated that oral bacitracin, an agent that is not absorbed from the gut, was not used to treat the actual VRE bacteremia.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and outcome of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation

Kapur

Dorsky

Feingold

et al. 2000

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:A retrospective evaluation of 321 consecutive recipients of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) was conducted to ascertain the incidence and outcome of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal (VRE) bacteremia. Ten patients developed VRE bacteremia at a median of 6 days following PBSCT. Nine isolates were Enterococcus faecium and one was E. faecalis. The median duration of bacteremia was 5 days. The central venous catheter was removed in seven individuals. Nine patients were treated with a variety of antimicrobial agents including quinupristin-dalfopristin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, oral bacitracin, co-trimoxazole, and nitrofurantoin. Bacteremia resolved without adverse sequelae in seven patients. Two individuals who died of other causes had persistent or relapsed bacteremia at the time of death. An additional patient suffered multiple relapses of VRE bacteremia and died as a result of VRE endocarditis 605 days following PBSCT. Mortality as a direct result of VRE bacteremia was 10% in this series. The optimal type and duration of treatment of VRE bacteremia has not been clearly defined. Therefore, we perform weekly stool surveillance cultures for VRE in our hospitalized transplant population and apply strict barrier precautions in those individuals in whom stool colonization has been identified. Furthermore, the empiric use of vancomycin has been restricted. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2000) 25, 147-152.

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Enteric eradication of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium with oral bacitracin

Cited by 78 publications

References 8 publications

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Antimicrobial Growth Promoters Used in Animal Feed: Effects of Less Well Known Antibiotics on Gram-Positive Bacteria

Incidence and outcome of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation

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